294 PHALEN AND NICHOLS. 



ease of hasmotochyluria in a Jajjanese girl in whose blood were found 

 microfilarias having a nocturnal periodicity, and which were considered to 

 be Microfilaria bancrofti. Ashburn and Craig, in 1906, described as a 

 new blood filaria, Filaria philippinensis, and the same writers in 1907 

 published an excellent article relating to the development of this par- 

 asite in Culex fatigans, Wied. 3 Their observations were made upon five 

 eases: one, a Visayan prisoner in Bilibid in Manila, and four, members 

 of a Bicol company of Scouts, stationed at Imus, Cavite Province. 



Dr. E. E, Whitmore, United States Army, reported recently before 

 the Philippine Islands Medical Society the case of an American negro 

 soldier from Parang, Mindanao, in whose blood were found microfilaria? 

 morphologically identical with the Filaria philippinensis, but having a 

 nocturnal periodicity. This man came from Charleston, South Carolina, 

 and had been in the Philippines less than six months when the parasite 

 was found by Dr. Eastman, United States Army, at Parang; hence 

 there is a question as to the locality in which this infection occurred. 

 The writers, in conjunction with Dr. E. C. Shattuck, reported before 

 the same society a ease of chylocele in a Bilibid prisoner, resident of 

 Manila, whose blood showed the presence of an occasional microfilaria, 

 answering the description of the Filaria philippinensis and apparently 

 without peilodicity. Dr. Shattuck has also given us the history of 

 another Bilibid prisoner, a native of Camalig, Province of Albay, upon 

 whom he operated for a hydrocele with great thickening of the scrotum 

 and whose blood harbored a microfilaria of undetermined type. We have 

 been told by medical officers of the United States Army of cases of 

 filariasis occurring in various parts of the southern Islands, but no study 

 has been made of them nor has the species in these cases been determined. 



A number of cases of elephantiasis were observed among the natives 

 of Sorsogon Province and the results of the investigations of these cases 

 furnishes the basis of this paper. These patients were brought into the 

 towns of Donsol, Bulan, and Sorsogon by the local health officers as 

 suspected eases of leprosy during the segregation of lepers in this province. 

 The presence of such a number of these cases suggested that the focus 

 of a large amount of elephantiasis and consequently of filariasis might 

 be found in this section of Luzon; and with this idea in view, a trip was 

 made into this region, Camp Daraga constituting our headquarters. 



The Provinces of Ambos Camarines, Albay, and Sorsogon occupy the 

 most southern and eastern part of Luzon. They form a narrow strip 

 with a high, central ridge broken by volcanic peaks, such as Bulasan, 

 Mayon and Isarog, from which the land slopes gradually to the Mindoro 

 Sea on one side and the Pacific Ocean on the other. The land is high 

 and well drained except along the coast. Short, rapid streams, with 

 deeply worn courses abound everywhere. The annual rainfall is higher 



'This Journal (1907), 2, 106. 



