464 MUSGRAVE, CLEGG, AND POLK. 



Wchnseh. (1897), 44, 124) cultivated a Streptothrix from a ease of human 

 actinomycosis. Berestnew (Aktinomykose und ihre Erreger (Dissert), Moskau 

 (1897) reported several eases. A Streptothrix was cultivated from a sub- 

 periostal abscess of the lower jaw of a woman (Case I). This clinically was 

 a ease of "lumpy jaw." This organism was a Streptothrix, facultative anae- 

 robic, Gram positive, dying after three generations on artificial media. It was 

 not pathogenic for rabbits, guinea pigs, or tame mice. The organism from his 

 Case II was cultivated from an abscess under the right nipple of a 16-year-old 

 patient who had symptoms of disease of both lungs. The organism differed 

 from that of Case I in that it grew somewhat better in the presence of oxygen. 

 The cultures in Case III were from sputum and chest sinuses in a patient 

 forty-four years of age, who died after an illness of about one year. The 

 organism was Gram positive, facultative aerobic, and grew best in bouillon. It 

 was neither fatal for rabbits nor guinea pigs when injected either intraperi- 

 toneally or subcutaneously ; a temporary infiltration of the tissues resulted by 

 the latter method. Abel (Munchener med, Wchnseh. (1897), 44, 124; 149) 

 made brief reports of a pathogenic Streptothrix from sputum. Van Neissen 



(Virch, Arch. (1897). 150, 482) worked with an organism which was not 

 differentiated from that of Wolff and Israel. 



Berestnew in another case (Ztschr. f. Hyg. u. Infectionskrankh. (1898), 29, 

 94) obtained a Streptothrix in pure culture from the lesions in a child suffering 

 from an abscess of the lung and pyamiia. This organism was negative to Gram, 

 grew anaerobically on media and was pathogenic for animals. Petruschky (Deut- 

 sche med. Wchnseh. (1898), 24, Ver.-Beil. 7S) cultivated an organism similar 

 to that of Scheele and Petruschky (loc. cit.) from the sputum obtained from a 

 second case of streptothricosis. Alissow and Skworzow (ref. Lubarsch and 

 Ostertag (1898), 5, 604) studied two cases of streptothricosis in man. They 

 obtained two organisms in bouillon cultures, a bacillus and a Streptothrix grow- 

 ing in symbiosis. Pure cultures of the Streptothrix developed only clubs and 

 rods, but when bacteria were again mixed in the cultures, long fungus threads 

 were produced. The authors consider the lesions to be due to the mixed infec- 

 tion. Schtseheglow (1898) (Hid.), also secured mixed cultures and the bacteria 

 present influenced the morphology of the Actinomyces. Newjadomsky (1898) 



(ibid) reported one case in- man in which a Streptothrix was obtained in 

 pure culture from a subdiaphragmatic abscess. The author considered the 

 organism to belong to a new species. It was not pathogenic for guinea pigs. Rull- 

 man (Munchener med. Wchnseh. (189S), 45, 919) cultivated a Steptothrix from 

 the sputum of a patient with a localized lesion near the root of the right lung. 

 This organism was Gram positive and grew on all media. It was pathogenic for 

 mice, rabbits and guinea pigs, and could be reclaimed by culture from lesions in 

 these animals. Grillo (Reforma Medico, (1898), 14, 301) cultivated a Strepto- 

 thrix from a case of human actinomycosis and from the bovine infection and 

 reproduced the disease by animal inoculation with cultures of the organism. Har- 

 bitz (Norsk Mag. f. Lwgevidensk (1898), 13, 1) obtained a Streptothrix by 

 culture from five cases of human actinomycosis. Flexner (Journ. Exp. Med. 



(1S98), 3, 435) reports a case of human infection with a Streptothrix, but his 

 organism did not grow on artificial media. The article by Marwedel (Beit. z. 

 Uin. Chir. (1898), 21, 561) is not available to us. 



Eoulerton (Lancet (1899), 2, 779) cultivated his Streptothrix hominis from 

 abscesses of the chest with deep sinuses in a patient showing symptoms of a 

 severe lung involvent with pysemic symptoms. This author (see bibliography) 

 has also made numerous other contributions to the morphology of the subject and 

 has probably done more than any other toward clearing up the confusion which 



