STREPTOTHRICOSIS. 465 



exists regarding this group of organisms. Levy (Centralbl. f. Bakt., etc. (1899), 

 26, 1) cultivated a Streptothrix from five cases of clinical actinomycosis in man. 

 He considers his organism to be identical with that of Wolf and Israel. Paul 

 Krause (Centralbl. f. Bakt., etc. (1899), 26, 209) obtained a Streptothrix from 

 an abscess of the lower jaw. It was Gram positive but not acid-fast, a 

 facultative aerobe and grew on ordinary laboratory media. No positive results 

 were obtained by intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injection of cultures into rab- 

 bits, guinea pigs, or white mice. Hayo Bruns {Centralbl. f. Bakt., etc. (1899), 

 26, II) cultivated a Streptothrix from a lesion which according to the diagnosis 

 was an actinomycotic abscess of the abdominal wall. The organism was Gram 

 positive, but not acid-fast and did not stain well with the ordinary aniline dyes. 

 Growth occurred on ordinary media, best under aerobic conditions. No lesions 

 were produced by intravenous, intraperitoneal, nor subcutaneous injections of 

 cultures in rabbits, guinea pigs, or mice. Silberschmidt (Ann. Inst. Pasteur 

 (1899), 13, 841) obtained a Streptothrix by culture from the lungs of a goat 

 which had a disease closely resembling tuberculosis. This organism was carefully 

 described by the author and later by Fculerton and Jones, (Tr. Path. Soc. (1902), 

 53, 99) who considered it to be a new species and our work is in accord with this 

 conclusion. 



Brault (Arch. d. parasit. (1899), 2, 535) observed two human eases of actino- 

 mycosis. He cultivated a Streptothrix, at first in symbiosis with bacteria and 

 later in pure cultures. His organism grew on ordinary media and was path- 

 ogenic for animals. 



Norris and Larkin (Journ. Exp. Med. (1900). 5, 155) obtained a Streptothrix 

 by culture from two cases of bronchopneumonia and bronchiectiasis. Both cases 

 proved fatal. This organism was Gram positive, but not acid-fast by the Ziehl- 

 Neelsen method. The authors consider it probably to be identical with Israel's 

 Streptothrix. Local lesions were produced in both rabbits and guinea pigs by in- 

 jection of the cultures. Cozzolino (Ztschr. f. Hycj. u. Infectionskranfh. (1900), 

 33, 30) reports a human case of Streptothrix infection of the ear. He cultivated 

 an organism from the lesion which was pathogenic for mice and guinea pigs and 

 described it very well. It was a facultative aerobe, but branching was not 

 observed. 



Dean (Tr. Path. Soe. (1900), 51, 25) cultivated a Streptothrix from the 

 lesions in a horse which clinically was suffering from actinomycosis. He 

 considered his organism to be a new species, differing in certain particulars from 

 any described previously. This organism was a facultative aerobe. Gram positive, 

 and grew very poorly on the majority of media and not at all on others. It was 

 pathogenic for animals, producing lesions which contained organisms resembling 

 Actinomyces, with club-shaped ends. However, in cultures no club formations 

 were observed. Tusini (Arch. f. klin. Chir. (1900), 62, 249) observed four cases 

 of Streptothrix infection in man. The one reported in detail was an infection 

 which clinically was Madura foot. From this case, he cultivated a Streptothrix 

 which was pathogenic for guinea pigs and which in cultural characteristics 

 closely resembled the organism of Vincent. Sternburg (Wien. klin. Wchnsch. 

 (1900), 13, 548) cultivated a Streptothrix resembling that of Wolff and Israel 

 from three cases of human actinomycosis. 



Aoyorna and Miyamoto (Mitth. a. d. med. Fac. d. k. jap. Univ. a. Tokio (1901), 

 4, 231 to 276) obtained a Streptothrix in pure culture from an abscess of the 

 lung. This was Gram positive, acid-fast, and a facultative aerobe; pathogenic 

 for rabbits, white mice, and hens. The authors believed their organism to be very 

 closely related to or identical with S. eppingeri. Mertens (Centralbl. f. Bakt., 

 etc. (1901), 29, 649) reported one human case and cultivated a Streptothrix 



