6 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



The classifying and mapping of the shales is wholly Doctor Ruede- 

 mann's ; and the whole Schuylerville quadrangle also with the 

 trifling exception of the extreme northwest corner. 



During the progress of the work an invitation was extended to 

 Prof. J. F. Kemp to collaborate in the study of the spring waters. 

 Circumstances later developed which rendered it advisable to 

 publish the report which he drew up as a separate paper and in ad- 

 vance of the main report.^ The aid rendered is gratefully 

 acknowledged. 



During the progress of the field work several geologists have 

 spent some time with us on the ground, and given most helpful 

 suggestion and counsel. Days spent with Messrs Ulrich, Kemp, 

 Smyth, Van Ingen and Miller are in no slight degree responsible 

 for whatever of merit may lie in this report. 



Over much of the Saratoga sheet glacial drift is so widespread 

 and thick as to render hopeless the attempt to accurately map 

 the geology beneath, which is peculiarly unfortunate because the 

 geology is complicated and difficult. This has been the chief, and 

 a very great, drawback to the successful prosecution of the work. 



LOCATION AND CHARACTER 



BY H. P. GUSHING 



These two quadrangles, the Saratoga and Schuylerville, lie in 

 extreme eastern New York, about midway of the State from north 

 to south. The territory included lies between latitude 43° and 43° 

 15' N, and longitude 73° 30' and 74° W, hence extending over ^° of 

 latitude and ^° of longitude. It falls just short of containing 450 

 square miles. 



The district includes parts of several topographic and geologic 

 provinces. Bits of the southeast margin of the Adirondack high- 

 land, included by Powell in the province he called the New England 

 plateaus, are seen. This highland is separated from the high 

 Appalachian plateau of southern New York by the Mohawk valley 

 lowland, a valley eaten out by stream erosion along the belt of 

 weak shales which are the surface rocks through most of it. To 

 this lowland belong the shales of the southern part of the Saratoga 

 quadrangle. 



The Adirondack highland is separated from the main mass of 

 the New England plateaus by the low grounds of the Champlain- 



1 N. Y. State Mus. Biil. 159. 



