60 THE LIFE OF THE MOLLUSCA 



Philippines at a distance of a quarter of a mile from 

 any water. The freshwater Ampullaria has been 

 said to have been met with also on a tree-top. 

 Geomelania, a genus closely related to the brackish- 

 water Truncatella, is completely terrestrial. 



The true terrestrial Mollusca comprise representa- 

 tives of the Rhipidoglossa in the families Despoenida?, 

 Helicinidae, and Hydrocenidae ; of the Taenioglossa 

 in the Aciculidae, Pomatiidse [= Cyclostomatidse], 

 and Cyclophoridae ; and of the order Pulmonata, 

 certain of the Auriculidse among the Basommato- 

 phora, with all the Stylommatophora. 



They flourish on every portion of the habitable 

 land surface from the margins of the seas to lofty 

 elevations on mountain peaks, a Slug, Anadenus, 

 reaching the altitude of 16,400 feet in the Himalayas ; 

 while the record for farthest north for a Land Snail 

 would appear to be held by Vitrina angelica, which is 

 said to extend as far as latitude 72 in Greenland. 



Some, like Ccecilioides, the Corsican Helix tristis, 

 and Testacella (Plate XIV.), live underground — the 

 first named entirely so. Most prefer damp situations 

 at the roots of plants and shrubs, under fallen wood, 

 beneath stones, or in the crevices of rocks ; many 

 are fond at times of ascending plants and shrubs, 

 and do so more often than is commonly thought ; 

 other kinds are entirely arboreal. A few that inhabit 

 arid and hot countries can withstand the full glare 

 of the sun as they rest on rocks exposed to its rays. 

 In the Egyptian desert Dr. Andrews says that each 



