﻿part 1] ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS OF THE PRESIDENT. 



Ivii 



Mr. Lydekker was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 

 1891, and the Geological Societ}^ awarded to him the Lyell Medal 

 in 1902. 



Charles Callaway, who was a Fellow of the Geological 

 Society from 1875 to 1906, and to whom the Murchison Medal 

 was awarded in 1903, was a pioneer in the study of the British 

 pre-Cambrian rocks, and also made valuable contributions to our 

 knowledge of the Cambrian and Ordovician Systems. He was born 

 at Bristol in 1838, and died at Cheltenham on September 29th, 

 1915. From 1876 until 1898 he resided at Wellington in Shrop- 

 shire, and began his original researches in the area of the Wrekin. 

 So long ago as 1874 he discovered an Upper Cambrian fauna in 

 the Shineton Shales. A few years later he identified the under- 

 lying greenish sandstone with the Hollybush Sandstone of Malvern. 

 He was thus able to prove that the ancient masses of the Wrekin 

 and the Longmynd represented a pre-Cambrian formation, which 

 he termed Uriconian. Callaway next studied Anglesey, and 

 came to the conclusion that the unfossiliferous metamorphic rocks 

 of that island were also probably of pre-Cambrian age. He then 

 visited the still more difficult region of the North- West High- 

 lands of Scotland, and took an important share in the discussion 

 of the great thrust-planes now recognized there. After so much 

 experience of metamorphic rocks, Callaway began to consider the 

 theory of dynamo-metamorphism, and applied it to the explanation 

 both of the crystalline schists of the Malvern Hills and of certain 

 old rocks in Galway, Donegal, and Wexford. He finally returned 

 to the geology of Anglesey, and re-interpreted it in the light of 

 new knowledge, attempting to show that large masses of crystalline 

 schists had been produced by intense changes in igneous rocks. 

 This revised interpretation has been largely confirmed by the 

 researches of Mr. Edward Greenly during more recent years, and 

 will be fully dealt with in the forthcoming Geological Survey 

 Memoir on the island. 



A portrait of Dr. Callaway and a list of his writings are 

 published in the 'Geological Magazine,' dec. 6, vol. ii (1915) 

 pp. 525-28 & pi. xviii. 



Arthur Vaughan Avas a brilliant exponent of the modern 

 methods of stratigraphical geology, which he applied with success 

 to the Lower Carboniferous formations. Born in London in 186S, 



