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INSECTS FROM THE BRITISH COAL MEASURES. 



43 



4. On some Insects from the British Coal Measures. By 

 Herbert Bolton, M.Sc, F.R.S.E., E.G.S., Reader in 

 Palaeontology in the University of Bristol, and Director of 

 the Bristol Museum. (Read March 8th, 1916.) 



[Plates III & IV.] 



The present paper consists of a critical study of some hitherto 

 undescrihed wings of fossil insects from the British Coal Measures, 

 and of insect-wings previously noted by other authors. I am 

 indebted to Mr. William Eltringham, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, and 

 to the authorities of the Geological Survey Museum, the National 

 Museum of Wales, and the Liverpool, Manchester, and Newcastle 

 Museums for their courtesy in placing the specimens at my service 

 for study. 



jEdosopiiasma anglica Scudder. (PI. Ill, fig. 1.) 



1885. JEdaeophasma anglica Scudder, Geol. Mag. dec. 8, vol. ii, p. 265. 



1885. Mdceophasma anglica Scudder; Scudder, -in Zittel's 'Handbuch der 



Palaontologie ' vol. ii, p. 758, fig. 941. 

 1906. jEdceophasma anglica Scudder; Handlirsch, 'Die Fossilen Insekten ' 



p. 125 & pi. xiii, fig. 4. 



This specimen was obtained by Major Chambers, and presented 

 to the Derby & Mayer Museums, Liverpool, in 1858. It is con- 

 tained in an ironstone nodule, much similar to those of Ravenhead 

 (Lancashire). Its horizon is not known, but it is undoubtedly from 

 the Middle Coal Measures. It was partly described and named, 

 but not figured, by S. H. Scudder in 1885; and a figure of the wing 

 appeared in the same year in Zittel's ' Handbuch der Palaontologie.' 

 This figure was probably due to Scudder, who wrote the entomo- 

 logical section of the work for that edition of Zittel's manual. 



The wing lies in a fine-grained ironstone nodule, one half showing 

 a left wing, and the other half of the nodule containing the im- 

 pression. Since the specimen came into my hands for examination, 

 I have been able to uncover the apex of the wing and a small portion 

 of the base. A little of the base of the wing is missing, and also 

 the middle portion of the inner margin. The total length of the 

 wing as now seen is 87 mm., and the greatest breadth (across the 

 middle of the wing) 40 mm. When complete, the wing was 

 probably 100 mm. long. 



The costal margin is gently convex. 



The sub-costa is a broad fiat vein which gradually diminishes 

 in width as it passes outwards to the wing-apex, which it just fails 

 to reach. 



The radius is an even broader vein than the sub-costa, also flat, 

 and passes outwards, parallel to the sub-costa, to the outer angle of 

 the tip of the wing. It remains undivided throughout its whole 

 length. 



