﻿280 DR. STANLEY SMITH ON AVLWA BOTJFOBMIS, [vol. lxxii, 



12. Avlina rotiformis, gen. et sp. nov., Phillipsastr^ka 

 hennahi (Lonsdale), and Orionastrjla, gen. nov. By 

 Stanley Smith, B.A., D.Sc, F.G-.S. (Read November 8th, 

 1916.) 



[Plates XXII-XXFV.] 

 Contents. 



Page 



I. Introduction 280 



II. Definition of certain Terms employed 281 



III. The Astrasiform Corallum - 281 



IV. Phillipsastrsea 284 



V. Aulina, gen. nov 290 



VI. Orionastrsea, gen. nov 294 



VII. Notes on Cyathophyllum regium and on KoninckopliyUnm sp. 304 



I. Introduction. 



Phillipsastk^a is a genus of Devonian Corals possessing 

 certain well-marked characters. The genus Orionastrcea has 

 been established to include certain Carboniferous species very 

 closely related to Litliostrotion, but which have been regarded 

 by many writers as congeneric with those of Pliillipsastrcea. 

 O.pMllipsi (McCoy) is commonly known as PA. radiata (Martin). 

 Aulina is a new genus, found at the horizon of the Millstone 

 ( Grit. One species only has been recognized : this has been 

 confused hitherto with O. pliillipsi, and hence recorded as 

 Ph. radiata. I regard Phillipsastrcea as the ancestor of Aulina, 

 but do not consider that these are related to Orionastrcea. 



All three genera, however, are colonial in habit, and possess 

 a similar type of corallum : namely, that in which the individual 

 corallites have lost their epitheca, and consequently are united 

 by their dissepiments — a type of colony which may be termed 

 * astrseiform.' 1 



The foregoing statements explain my reasons for including the 

 history of the name Phillipsastrcea and the description of 

 its genotype in a communication- primarily concerned with Car- 

 boniferous genera. 



I am deeply indebted to the late Prof. T. McKenny Hughes, 

 to Dr. A. Smith Woodward, Dr. F. L. Kitchin, Dr. W. G-. Lee, 

 and Mr. Peter MacNair for the loan of material (including 

 various t} T pe-specimens) preserved in the Sedgwick Museum, 



1 The term is frequently used by Edwards & Haime in their well-known 

 Monograph, as also by other writers, to indicate the type of corallum in which 

 the septa of the corallites are confluent, and does not in any way imply rela- 

 tionship to the Astrseidae. I here employ the word in a slightly more extended 

 sense, so as to include any Madreporarian colony (Rugose or Aporose) in which 

 the corallites are united as above described. 



