166 MESSES. H. J. ELWES AND JAMES EDWAEDS : 



14 (15). Fore wing below with a pale spot occupying the extreme base of 



cell 2, and another, at least twice as wide as high, near the 



middle of that cell argyrostigma, Eversm. 



15 (14). Fore wing below with no pale spot in the base of cell 2, but a 



subquadrate one before the middle of that cell flavomaculatus , Ob. 



16 (11). Pale markings on upperside pure white. 1 



17 (18). Hind wing below with the pale spots near the apex of cells 6 and 7 



not connected with those near the apex of cells 2 and 3 by 

 a pale band traversing cells 4 and 5. 

 17 a (17 6). Fore wing above without white spots near the base ; hind wing 



above with two distinct unequal white discal spots .... niveomaculatus, Ob. 



17 6 (17 a). Fore wing above with two white spots near the base — one 



hyaline near the base of the cell, and the other opaque next the 

 costa ; hind wing above with a large white discal spot formed 

 by the confluence of two unequal spots christophi, Gr.-Gr. 



18 (17). Hind wing below with the pale spots near the apex of cells 6 



and 7 connected with those near the apex of cells 2 and 3 by a 

 pale band traversing cells 4 and 5, and thus forming an 

 irregular subterminal pale band. 



19 (20). Fore wing below with the pale spots in cells 1 a and 2 remote 



from that near the apical third of the cell dieckmanni, Graeser. 



20 (19). Fore wing below with the pale spots in cells 1 a and 2 joined to 



that near the apical third of the cell to form a continuous 



median band micio, Ob. 



! Pamphila paluEMOn. 



Papilio paltemon, Pallas, Reise, vol. i. p. 471 (1771). 



Papilio paniscus, Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 531 (1775); Fsper, Schmett. i. 1, pi. xxviii. fig. 2 



(1778?) ; i. 2, pi. xcv. fig. 5 (1788). 

 Papilio brontes, Wien. Verz. p. 160 (1776) ; Hiibner, Eur. Schmett. i. figs. 475, 476 (1798-1803). 

 Hesperia mandan, Edwards, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. vol. ii. p. 20 (1863). 

 Carterocephalus palcemon, Bean, Can. Ent. xxv. p. 145 (1893). 



Hob. Europe to Amurland, N. America ; Laggan, Alberta Terr., Brit. N. Amer., 

 5000 ft. (Elwes) ; Nepigon, Lake Superior (Fletcher). 



There is no doubt in our mind that the American form described as mandan is 

 identical with the European. 



! Pamphila abax. 



Carterocephalus abax, Oberthur, Etud. d'Ent. xi. p. 27, pi, v. fig. 27 (1886). 

 Pamphila abax, Leech, Butt. China &c. p. 587 (1893-4). 



Hab Ta-tsien-lo (Pratt) ; Moupin, E. Tibet (Kricheldorf). 



1 What we identify as the female of niveomaculatus has the spots on the upperside yellowish instead of 

 pure white. 



