1859.] HISLOP GEOLOGY AND FOSSILS OF NAGPUK. 1G5 



intertrappean or subtrappean deposit belongs to tbe Lower Eocene, 

 as I pointed out in papers read before the Bombay Br. R. As. Society 

 in 1853, and the Geological Society in 1854. 



The part of the sea in which the intertrappean deposit at Baja- 

 mandri was formed was evidently shallow, and connected with the 

 great sheet or sheets of fresh water of the same age ; for all its shells 

 arc such as are found at no great depth, many arc comminuted as if 

 tiny had been washed against the shore, and they are intermingled 

 with Physa Prinsepii, Paludina normalis, Chara Malcolmsonii, and 

 Ohara elfyptica*, which must have been brought down from a lake. 

 From the absence of Corals and Cirripcds, and the occurrence of such 

 shells as Psammohia, Tellina, &c, it would appear that the shore of 

 this sea was not bold or rocky, but a flat sandy or rather muddy 

 beach. 



The climate of India, at the period when this deposit was formed, 

 seems to have been hot, as ably pointed out by Mr. Murray in the 

 conclusion of his paper on the fossil insects (p. 185) ; butj adverting 

 to the abundance of the genera Physa and Valvata, I think not so hot 

 as the Deccan is at present. 



The Pachydermatous remains from India are not all of one era. 

 Some of the jSarbaddu bones are from a subtrappean bed, as are 

 those at Phizdura, but others arc obtained from the river-basin. 

 Those from the Siwalik Hills seem to occupy a stratigraphieal posi- 

 tion intermediate between these two, being combined with shells, 

 some of which (unlike those from under the trap) agree with exist- 

 ing species, though tbcre is not so great a proportion of these as in 

 the fossiliferoUS deposit of our river-basins. The remains from tho 

 subtrappean strata of Jabbalpur and Phizdura arc most likely Lower 

 Eocene ; those from the sub-Himalayas, as has been shown by others, 

 arc Upper Miocene ; while those from the banks of the Narbadda and 

 similar situations cannot be more ancient than an upper subdivision 

 of the Pliocene. 



The upper sandstone of Xa'gpur, or, to use a term recently intro- 

 duced by J)r. Oldham to supersede the loose designation of " diamoml- 

 Bandstone," the Mahadcwa sandstone of India, like the subtrappean 

 deposit, which it underlies, is most probably of Lower Kocene age, 

 and plutonic rocks have risen to the surface, and metamoiphic rooks' 

 been formed since its deposition* 



There appears to have been but one great outpouring of basalt in 

 Centra] India, which has become vesicular below the Physa-bed, and 



nodular above it. 



Note. — Geographical position of the localities mentioned in the 



pre,, ding and following papers: — 



1. In the province of N*agpur. 



'lYikii, 2\ miles V\\ . of N kgpuf oity. 



Trl.mUii'/'i, .'1 mill - W. of njurpar city. 

 l'lma'/Mic'lm, HI mil. K W YW . of NagpOr city. 



Little * 1 i — 1 1 . i.i mil* sN.W.oi N igpui tnty, 



* This is a new species of Okara, blteuded to bo described on n future . .<va«ioi>. 



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