I860.] KTRKBT PEEMIAN FOSSILS. 415 



not be out of place to mention those species which are now allowed 

 to be common to the Carboniferous and Permian fauna?. 



Through the critical and most elaborate researches of Mr. Thomas 

 Davidson, several of the Permian Brachiopoda have been proved to 

 be recurrents from the Carboniferous fauna. Some of these had long- 

 been suspected by other palaeontologists to be very closely related to, 

 if not identical with, Carboniferous species*. In his Monograph of 

 the Carboniferous Brachiopoda, Part I., Mr. Davidson has already 

 shown the identity of the Permian species Terebratida sufflata, Spi- 

 rifera Glannyana, and Spiriferina cristata with the Carboniferous 

 species T. Sacculus, S. Urn, and S. octoplicata ; and in the forth- 

 coming Part of that valuable work, it will be seen that there are also 

 two other Brachiopods in Carboniferous rocks which are essentially 

 the same as species occurring in the Permian strata of Durham t. 

 By the courtesy of Mr. Davidson, I am allowed to mention that these 

 species are Gamarophoria crumena and G. rhomboidea, which are 

 identical with the Permian species C. ScJilotheimi and 0. globulina. 

 I |It is also the opinion of Mr. T. Rupert Jones that three species of 

 Permian Entomostraca are identical with the Carboniferous species 

 Gythcre elongata, G. inornata, and G. (Bairdia) graeilist- These 

 determinations are certainly not so conclusive as those of the Bra- 

 clilopoda, as the comparative examination which the species have 

 undergone has not been so rigorous, owing to the greater scarcity of 

 specimens ; but, so far as may be judged from the existing materials, 

 it is the opinion of Mr. Jones that the Permian specimens belong to 

 the species to which he refers them. 



And in regard to the flora of the British JLothlicgcnde, the species 

 either appear to be identical with such as occur in the Coal-measures, 

 or to belong to genera characteristic of these strata. The researches 

 of Mr. Howsc in the Rothliegende, or Lower Red Sandstone, at 

 Tyncmouth, resulted in the discovery of Pinites BranctMngi, Trigono- 

 carpum Nbsggerafhi, Sigillaria teniformis, Catamites approximatus, 

 and G. i/rvcequalis! , all of which arc found in the Coal-measures §. 

 Gyracanihus formosus, a Carboniferous Ptacoich art, also occurs in this 

 deposit. 



To recapitulate, the following species appear to be common to 

 both Carboniferous and Permian strata. The names marked with 

 asterisks have the right of priority. 



('wMioxiFERors Namb. Permian Name 1 . 



1. *T<:rch,-(ititi„ sacculus, Martin, T. sufflata, Sohloth., 1810, Denksch. 



1809. Gimohyliolithus Anomites Saccu- Akad. Munch, tol. -w. pL 7. Bg. I<>. 

 liis, Martin, Petri f. Derbiflnsia, pL 16, 



* Sec Prof. King's remarks on litrebraiula sufflata, Mon. Perm. foes. p. (60, 

 also in tho Introduction, p. err. 



t See also in 'Geologist, 1 vol. iii p. 19 nolo, and p. 21. 



\ See Jones in King's Men. Perm. Fosb. pp. 624 63; also Jones and KirMrj 

 on Permian Entomostraca in Trans. Tynee. Nab Field-Clab, Vol. it. p. 123. 



§ llowse. "on Perm. Si it. of Northumb and Durh.," Ann. and fcfag. Nat. lli-t. 

 'J nil scr. vol. xix. p. 88 ; also Trans. Tyncs. Nat. FirM Club, vol. iii. p. 239. 



