I860.] 1AM0NT SPITZBERGEN. 443 



They next landed on Walden Island, on the south-eastern or 

 lowest part, and found it composed of coarse -grained red and grey 

 granite with much mica. They ascended to a height of from 200 

 to 300 feet, and found the same granite. On the face of the rock 

 they observed veins of a finer grey granite, from 12 to 20 inches 

 wide, bordered by a ribbon of whitish felspar, about 3 inches wide 

 on each side. Large rounded masses of granite in regular horizon- 

 tal beds were lying at the height of 30 or 40 feet above the present 

 sea-level, giving the idea of their having once been washed by it. 

 At a distance of four miles from the shore, they found bottom at 

 25 fathoms. 



Specimens from Walden Island. 



2, 3. Grey orthoclase-granite, similar to that of Ross Islet. 



4. Granite ; the orthoclase-felspar of a pale red colour, with much 



silvery mica. 



5. Orthoclase-porphyry. 



6. Compact greenstone, or diorite. 

 8. Scoriaceous lava. 



They landed on Low Island, and found the low beach principally 

 composed of rounded fragments of limestone intermixed with some 

 of clay-slate, and several rounded fragments of pumice* ; the beach 

 was also lined with drift-wood. The west point of the island is 

 composed of a schistose quartz-rock dipping 70° S.E. with a fine 

 smooth beach of small pebbles of quartz and clay-slate. Beds of 

 clay-slate occur farther inland, on the S.W. shore, of a blue, red, 

 and yellow colour, dipping in various directions. 



Specimens from Loiv Island. 



9, 10. "White granular quartz-rock, with a bedded structure, pro- 



bably a compact sandstone, without mica. 



11. Granular quartz, similar to 9 and 10, but of a red colour. 



12. Schistose grey limestone, with paillettes of mica. 



13. Compact white dolomitic (?) limestone. 



14. Compact grey limestone. 



15. A purple calcareo-argillaceous sandstone. 



1 0. A red argillaceous sandstone, highly calcareous. 



Landing on the shore opposite to the south coast of Low Island, 

 they found the rocks to lie different from any they had yet met 

 with; they consisted chiefly of a black marble with white and red 

 veins intersecting it. In some places there were beds of clay-slate, 

 of considerable extent. They found one piece of bituminous wood- 

 coal, which binned with a bright flame and emitted a ph-a.xint 

 odour. A great number of small rounded pieces of pumice were 

 also found on this part of the coast. They named the spot Marble 

 Point. 



8p«eimen8 from Marble Point. 



37. Grey compact limestone, with veins of calcite. 



* Probably floated from the volcanic Island of Jnu Maycn to the B.W. — L. U. 



2k 2 



