I^'IO.] JO.NKS AA'D PABKEB FOSSIL FOIUJilNI II. l: \ . Aoo 



in clays. This is the oldest-known of the BuUrnina : the genui 

 b ode i'i the reoeat time, and still presents .similar varieties, 



Kotal'ta. — In this clay we also find, as we have already stated], a 

 very minute BotaUa (PL XX. fig, 46) in eqnsiderable abundance. 

 It is of a conical form, its umbilical base varying from being flat, or 

 even concave, to a convexity almost equal to that of the spire, The 

 unbJliens is usually marked with a raised umbo, from which radiate 

 five or Bis slightly curved limbate septal lines. The for more nu- 

 merous shmi s< i >t:il lines on the upper or oonieal surface are also 

 limbate, as well as the margin of the whorls. Of the numerous \a- 

 rieties of Jfotalia wearing these features, most of which belong to the 

 R, /■. panda species, we select, as the plosesl representative of this 

 fossil form, the HutaJia elegant of D'Orb., figured by Boldani, We 

 hove already mentioned thai this ' s a deep-sea variety (p, 452). 



L'liiiula. — A minute individual of the genus Lituola (I'I. XX. 

 fig. 47). of tli^ form that has been named fHpiroUna agghitinant by 

 D'Orbjgny, and Spirolina irregularis by Boomer, occurs in the- ( h< 1- 

 laston clay. This is the oldest-known specimen of the genus; it i.-> 

 an attenuate. crosier-shaped, simple-chambered, one-mouthed variety 

 of the Litnolii nautiloidea id' Lamarck. 



A'" /-( (•///,(, •/(».•-■( |f the curious Miliolitie genus Nybecularia, we have 

 lure numerous very minute individuals | I'I. XX. figs. 48-56). This 



genus has not hitherto hcen well studied. Illainville and Defiame 

 grouped it with the zoophyte's, and gave several eharacteristii fig 

 in the Diet.Se. N.i Xooph.pl. 44. fig, 3 ). Soldani has depicted numerous 

 individuals in bis great work f Testaceograpbia,' plying them with 

 the Serpuia, We have found Nubecvlaria associated with other 

 Forarfiinifera in very many recent sea-sands from Bhallowish water, 



and have been enabled to p Ognize their relations with the Miliolhe 

 group. These are very protean shell-, ; in deep water they are neither 



common nor large, but in the Algae-belt they attain the sue of hemp- 

 and even of split peas; and, growing attached to sea-weeds, 

 shells, and other bodies, they become scale-like, or resemble lichens, 

 or, winding about stalks and fronds, they form ring-like inerusta? 

 tions, shooting off into irregular processes and forming grotesque 

 eervicorn figures i.v. lucifuga), Similar forms occur in abundance in 

 some of the French tertiariee, Prom the Clam-shells of tin 

 Indian seas, and from the Strombus gigat of the West fndji 

 minute rectilinear individuals of Nubecuiaria, witb a spiral commence- 

 ment (A. Tibia, VST. no\ . ). An allied variety, without a spiral be- 

 ginning, is shown by D'Orbigny's Webbina ■ I r. Canar. pi. 1. 

 f. 16 18 j and Fof. Vi'-n. p. 7 t. pi. - 1 . I. I I . I _' >. In SI vera! 



of the Oolitic formations, we have met with the 

 attached to Orypha i . 



All tie •: forms h iv. an opake shell, frequently 



i an- oomposed of minute, tent-like, planon 



chambers, the base often being more or Lass imperfei t ; the aperture 



dueed. oval, and often lipped] and 1" q the 



of the in u c hamber, as in the true Mi ' 



The foregoing vari imilar amgng 



