1SG0.J FALCONER — BOHB-CAVES. I v '.' 



beneath which the fissure had to a greal extent been washed ont by 

 the Bea. On enlarging the aperture, by undermining the projecting 

 mass of loam and breccia, a cavity was found extending 7' - > feet 

 backwards, with a width of from 7 to L6 feet, and a general height 

 of about L5 feet. A line of fissure runs along the angle of the roof, 

 and towards the outer part of the cavern the crack widens into an 

 irregular Hue, which had evidently communicated with the surface : 

 here the cavern rises to a height of -JU feet. When first opened, 

 the eastern wall only of the cavern was found to be coated with 

 stalagmite. The floor was tolerably smooth, and shelved down gra- 

 dually from the mouth to the extremity, the deposits being thicker 

 outwards. The floor having been excavated down to the hard brec- 

 cia, there were observed: — (1 ) at the top. a bed of sandy peat or 

 turf, formed chiefly of hits of sticks and comminuted vegetable mat- 

 about 1 foot thick, except under the flue, where it formed a low 

 conical heap, In or on this peaty covering were bones of < ).\ and 

 Wolf, and bones and broken shed antlers of Deer, of species or 

 varieties allied to the Reindeer {Cervus Qmettardi and Cerv. prisons). 

 ii'i Stalagmite, regular, but usually less than a foot thick. At 

 one spot it rose into a DOBS 2 ft '■'> in. high, which was found in a 

 shattered condition, the fragments being loose, but still in place. 

 This must indicate. — 1st, the operation of some shock since the for- 

 mation of the stalagmite, and even since the peal began to he 

 formed ; and 2ndly, the absence of drip in the cave since the shock 



took place. ('■'>) Sandy loam, 1 ft. I in., with fragments of rock and 

 without bones : i I) sand. 1' ft. 6 in. ; (5) a lied of loose stony hreccia, 



4 feet, without bones; (C) ochreous loam, or the usual cave-earth, 

 <> to 7 tret thick, resting on the solid cemented hreccia, which forms 

 a floor or diaphragm between the upper and lower chambers of the 

 fissure. Vrsus spelceus, Cards Lupus, ft VtJ/pes, Bos, Cervus, ami 

 Arvieola occur in the loam, the latter in abundance. The most re- 

 markable circumstance about these remains was the greal 

 Iteeis' antlers above the others. Upwards of one thousand antlers, 

 mostly shed and of young animals belonging chieflj to Cervus <>'nit- 

 tardi, were collected. The lower chamber was penetrated by < lolonel 

 Wood, l>r. Falconer, and a friend, lasi September, and found to be 

 washed out by the sea to a depth inwards of 81 feet; and a; it- ex- 

 tremity they met with a compact mass of marine sand ami gravel, 

 about '•) feet thick. The solid breccia forming the roof of tin- lower, 

 and the ha-e of the upper cave, increases in thickness from 8 feet at 

 tie- outside to a greater depth inwards. Its materials correspond 

 with the bed of angular cUMs observed by Mr. Prestwioh on the 

 raised beach of m.w sladi I 



•• Bowen's Parlour," or " Devil's Bole," is also a cavernous Assure 

 in the limestone cliff, situated betwet n B Den and Crow B 



It has been washed out by the sea, portions only of its cave-dep 

 i< maining, especially a diaphragm of i emented breccia, w hich di 

 the fissure into an upper and lower storey, the former aboul 20 

 high at the mouth, the latter 1 J. Thin tabulur aggn'Rjitioi 

 sand adhere to the lower surfaa "t the partition, shown 



vox. ivi. PABJ i. 



