HORBYE ON EROSION IN NORWAY. 19 



are the prevailing rocks. Conglomerates of volcanic fragments and 

 ashes, with coralline detritus and shell-sand, sometimes more or less 

 distinctly stratified, occur along the coast. The sea-beach is covered 

 either with white coralline or with black volcanic sands, brought 

 there by marine and freshwater currents. At one place there are 

 saturated ferrugineo-carbonic springs. The average atmospheric 

 temperature of Tahiti is 26-1° C. ; the normal temperature of springs 

 is 20-21° C. [Count M.] 



On New Triassic Cephalopoda from Halsxatt. 

 By Franz Hitter von Hauer. 

 [Proceed. Imp. Acad. Vienna, March, 8, I860.] 

 Chev. Fr. de Hauer, by describing twenty-four new species of 

 Cephalopods from the Halstatt strata, has brought the total of species 

 known to occur in this formation (one of the most abundant in this 

 order at present known) to the number of ninety- two. The majority 

 of these twenty-four new species belong to the genera Ammonites 

 and Nautilus. A group among them, however, differing from Am- 

 monites by their non-dentated lobes and saddles, and from Gonia- 

 tites by their siphonal funnel directed forward, required the estab- 

 lishment of new genera, of great importance as respects the gradual 

 development of the Cephalopods in general, and their relation to 

 other genera of this order. These new genera represent the sim- 

 plest forms of the Ammonitean family-type, and consequently obtain 

 their full development in the Triassic Period, during which this 

 family makes its first appearance ; and they are of but scarce oc- 

 currence in the subsequent deposits. [Count M.] 



On the Phenomena of Erosion in Norway. By J. C. Horbye. 



[Observations sur les Phenomenes d' Erosion en Norvege, recueillies par J. C. 

 Horbye, Intendant du Musee Mineralogique de l'Universite Poyale de Chris- 

 tiania, et publiees avec Pautorisation du Senat Academique par B. M. Keilhau, 

 Professeur de Mineralogie, &c. &c. &c. Avec trois cartes et deiix planches. 

 (Programme de l'Universite pour le l er semestre 1857.) 4°. Christiania, 

 1857.] 

 This work is the result of a large number of observations on the 

 glacial phenomena extending over the whole of the (Scandinavian 

 peninsula. These observations are embodied in maps and plates ; 

 but are also described in detail in the fifty-six pages of letter- 

 press. 



The large map, embracing the southern portion of the peninsula, 

 is coloured, showing at a glance the tabular summits of the moun- 

 tain-chain, with their deep fiords and gorges ramifying into the heart 

 of the country from the coasts. The directions of the glacial stria' 

 are indicated by arrows at the points of observation. Of the two 

 smaller maps, one shows the direction of the striae over Norway, 

 Sweden, and Finland; the other (by Th. Rdrdam) indicates the 

 lines of striation along the Gulf of ( Ihristiania. 



M. Hdrbye's observations lead to the resurl — thai the ice, either 

 as glaciers or floating bergs and floes, had a general tendency to 

 radiate from the central chain. Thus, along the western and 



