president's address. 283 



surrounding moors, and enter a winding ravine where uncertain 

 wandering paths lead up and down amongst the trees and un- 

 derwood. First the lower fall is reached, a perpendicular ledge 

 of rock some twenty feet in height, over which the stream breaks 

 in two places, the rocks continued on both sides a little distance 

 down the glen. The principal fall is about half a mile further 

 up, and is of a much more important character. On the left a 

 precipice rises up without break to a height of nearly one hun- 

 dred feet one sheer wall of massive rock, brown and cool toward 

 the base, with green mosses in the crevices ; higher up, where 

 the sun sometimes catches it, bare brown and white, or yellow- 

 stained with lichen, the summit clothed with ivy and bird-cherry, 

 and waving branches of elm and rowan. The stream flows from 

 an opening half-way down between this cliff and its counterpart 

 on the opposite side, forming, not a large waterfall, but one where 

 nature has made the most of the volume of water she has had to 

 work with, for the cliff, contrary to the ordinary plan in the north 

 of England cascades of small side-streams, projects at the base 

 considerably more than at the ledge, so that the water falls down 

 an irregular slope of hard gritstone rock, the jagged projections 

 of which break it into foam and spray, and innumerable spark- 

 ling eddies. The tall slightly-overhanging side-cliffs of the glen 

 converge crescent-wise toward the fall and shut in a cool ravine 

 where such plants as woodruff, golden saxifrage, Cardamine syl- 

 vatica, and Campanula latifolia luxuriate, and where we may 

 gather oak fern, beech fern, and Trollius, Rubus saxatilis, Epilo- 

 bium angustifolium, and Crepis succiscefolia.'" From this spot 

 the party ascended the hills to the Caller Heughs, the Eev. Mr. 

 Newton of Cambo acting as guide. Thence a detachment was 

 conducted across the moor to Tarset Castle and to Hesleyside, 

 the beautiful grounds of which were viewed under the kind guid- 

 ance of Mr. Charlton himself. Returning to Bellingham the 

 ancient church of that town, remarkable for its stone roof, was 

 examined with much interest. Dinner was served at the Rail- 

 way Hotel at five o'clock, after which two new members were 

 elected, and a specimen of the crested cuckoo (the first of its 

 kind taken in England) was exhibited. This example had been 



