206 



PKOCEEDINGB OP THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



[Mar. 19, 

 On the Permian Beds of the North-west 



deposits in his memoir 

 of England*." 



In these several memoirs, detached localities are principally treated 

 of. The object of this communication is not only to point out the 

 several forms of rocks which occur in the area under consideration, 

 but also to indicate the relative ages of the sandstones and the 

 gypsiferous shales; and reference will also be made to the fossils 

 which these latter afford. 



§ 2. Section near KirJchy Stephen. (Fig. 1.) 



Wharton Park, immediately south of Kirkby Stephen, is the most 

 southerly limit of the rocks referred to. Here the beds seen in the 

 Eden consist of a breccia composed of angular fragments of light- 

 grey limestone, cemented together by a fine-grained dark-red sand- 

 stone. 



Fig. 1. — Section of Eden Valley, south of Kirhhy Ste^he/a, near 

 StenJcrith Bridge. Length 1^ mile. 



5. Upper sandstone. 



4. Upper breccia (60 feet). 



3. Eed clay (15 feet). 



2. Lower breccia. 



1. Carboniferous rocks. 



This rock, locally termed '' hard brockram," has a thickness in 

 "Wharton Park (from information received from a quarry-man) of 

 60 feet. Its aspect at Stenkrith Bridge, near this, has been described by 

 Professors Sedgwick and Phillips, and also by Mr. Binney, — the latter 

 pointing out the superposition of this " hard brockram " on an 

 underlying mass of a softer nature, known as " rotten brockram," the 

 latter resting on soft red sandstone. 



The recent cuttings of the South Durham Railway, at the Kirkby 

 Stephen Station, have exposed a section showing distinctly the rela- 

 tions of the two " brockrams." The foundations of the bridge here 

 rest upon the " rotten brockram," dipping east at a low angle. 

 Succeeding this is a series of red sandy clays, about 15 feet thick. 

 Upon the sandy clays the " hard brockram " is seen extending to \ 

 Stenkrith Bridge, and having a thickness of about 60 feet. These 

 three deposits conform to each other ; and a little below Stenkrith 

 Mill, the ''hard brockram" is overlain conformably by thin-bedded 

 red sandstones. 



* Memoirs of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester, vols, xii 

 and xiv. 



