1862.] 



HAEK^"ESS PEKMIAN STRATA. 



20: 



At the old saw-mill at Kirkby Stephen the " hard brockrams " are 

 also well seen, but they are much dwarfed in thickness, and show 

 that they are rapidly thinning out. They repose on the sandy clays, 

 which continue northward on the east side of the Eden, in the form 

 of an escarpment ; and at the Brewery, to the west, the " rotten 

 brockram " again occurs. 



Northward from this, no trace of the '^ hard brockram" (which 

 is an extensively used and durable building-stone) is seen. 



The lower or *' rotten brockram " has a different mineral nature 

 from the " hard brockram ;" it consists of yellow limestone fragments, 

 imbedded in a matrix of light-coloured sandstone ; and it is more 

 persistent in its occurrence. As it is seen in the Bela "Water and 

 the neighbourhood of Brough, it has been described by Mr. Binney, 

 who has aLso pointed out the great abundance of soft sandstones 

 which are associated with it. 



Deposits of a like nature occupy the country north of Brough, the 

 " rotten brockram" being seen west of Warcop ; and to the east of 

 this, under the western escarpments of Eomanfell, the upper thin- 

 bedded sandstones have been extensively worked. 



§ 3. Section from Great Ormside to Eomanfell. (Fig. 2.) 



The section showing most satisfactorily the sequence of the sand- 

 stones and the accompanying strata in the north-west of England is 

 one traversing the Yale of the Eden, from Great Ormside on the west 

 to Eomanfell on the east. 



Fig. 2. — Section from Great Ormside to Bomanfell. Length 5 miles. 



s.w 



KE- 



11. Upper sandstones (700 feet). 4. Lower sandstones (2000 ft.). 



10. Red clays (80 feet). \ <n 3. Carboniferous rocks. 



9. Limestone (7 feet). P • ^' ^^^ ^^^ conglomerate (500 



8. Dark-coloured sandstone (6 feet). [sS.® feet). 



7. Grey shale (3 feet). I ^ ^ ^' Lower Silurian schists. 



6. Thin-bedded red sandstone (50 ft.). j | "" 



5. Plant-beds (20 feet). ) ^ 



Professor Sedgwick notices the brockrams as they occur at Little 

 Ormside, and at Burrels, a mile N.W. of Great Ormside *. 



VOL. XVIII. 



* Geo]. Trans. 2nd Series, vol. iv. p. 380. 

 PART I. 



