1862.] HONEYMAN GOLD, NOVA SCOTIA. 345 



equal, consisting of lakes, swamps, and banks of drift, with large 

 quartzite-boulders. At about 12 miles from the junction, we pass 

 through cuttings in quartzite, with little interruption, until we reach 

 Mount Uniacke, 13| miles (railway measurement) from the junction. 

 The bottom of the series is now arrived at. I would here observe 

 that from this station onward I had the valuable assistance of Mr. 

 Marshall, who constructed this part of the road. 



Having reached Mount Uniacke, we come to the intruding gra- 

 nite ; passing through this for some distance, we come to quartzite ; 

 and, with this slight interruption, the granite extends to about 4 

 miles from the place of its commencement. 



Passing onward, we now begin geologically to ascend. We pass 

 through cuttings in quartzite for a distance of about 2i- miles ; and 

 then we come to clay-slate, resembling that of Allen's and Laidlaw's 

 gold-fields. The cuttings through this extend about 2i- miles. We 

 then come again to quartzite : there are about 2 J miles of cuttings 

 through this rock, and then we reach the Lower Carboniferous for- 

 mation ; of this we have half a mile of sandstone, unconformable to 

 the quartzite, and then gypsum, &c. 



Thus much for the arrangement of the rocks on the Windsor Line. 

 On the Halifax and Truro Railway we may commence our obser- 

 vations at the top of the series, and proceed in descending order : — 

 Near the Elmsdale Station, about 30 miles from Halifax, we have 

 the Lower Carboniferous gypsum ; then occurs a space which is 

 obscure, but is probably occupied by Lower Carboniferous sandstone. 

 There is rising ground in the distance on either side, on one of which 

 sides is the Elmsdale gold-field, about 4 miles distant from the 

 Station. Proceeding along the line toward Halifax, we approach the 

 Grand Lake, which is 22^ miles from the Terminus. Before we 

 reach the lake, we come to quartzite ; then cuttings in this rock 

 succeed for probably 2 or 3 miles ; then comes clay-slate, extending 

 probably about the same distance ; the next 3 or 4 miles are obscure, 

 and then, in the vicinity of and at the junction, as was seen in the 

 preceding course of observation, quartzite occurs; and from this 

 onward to the Terminus there are deep cuttings, with masses and 

 boulders of quartzite. At the Terminus, slate again occurs ; but this 

 evidently belongs to another series, whose granitic axis occurs in the 

 direction of what is called the IsTorth-west Arm. 



From the preceding observations I would infer: — that Mount 

 Uniacke and the granitic range of which it forms a part is the geolo- 

 gical centre of the series which I have been attempting to illustrate. 

 This and the other granitic bosses occur somewhat irregularly through- 

 out the formation to which the group under consideration belongs, 

 and, as far as I have observed them, are inconsiderable in height. 



That when gold occurs on the one side of a granitic mass in this 

 formation, it may reasonably be expected to occur on the other side 

 of the anticlinal axis. 



That as the granite-bosses are irregularly distributed throughout 

 the formation in question, a corresponding irregularity may be ex- 

 pected to exist in the distribution of the gold-fields. This irregu- 



