EICHWALD RUSSIAN PALAEONTOLOGY. d 



and Plants — among them fragments of Araucarites), have been 

 found in several localities. All the strata have an eastward dip, 

 very steep along the limit of the granite, then flattening as they 

 advance to the centre of the basin, where they become partly 

 horizontal. [Count M.] 



The Fossils of Eussia. By M. E. d'EicnwALD. 



[Lethsja Eossica, ou Paleontologie de la Eussie, decrite et figuree par Edouard 

 d'Eicliwald, ConseUler d'Etat actuel et Chevalier, etc. etc. Premier volume, 

 pp. 1657, 8° ; avec un Atlas de 59 Planches Lithographiees, 4to etfol. 1855-61. 

 Troisieme volume, 8°, pp. 534 ; avec un Atlas de 14 Planches Lithographiees, 

 4to etfol. 1852-55]. 



The first volume of this work is devoted to the fossils of the palaeozoic 

 rocks (I'ancienne periode), and is divided into two parts. Part I. 

 (IV. Livi'aison, 1855) contains, 1st, an introductory description of 

 the several groups of strata, and their geographical distribution as 

 regards Russia, and 2ndly, a systematic account of all the known 

 palaeozoic plants of Russia, comprising 161 species in 71 genera : 128 

 of these species are illustrated m the Atlas. The plants are arranged 

 in the families : — 1. Confervaceae (1 species). 2. Phyceae (8 species). 

 3. Plorideae (8 species). 4. Neuropterideae (13 species). 5. Sphe- 

 nopterideae (8 species). 6. Pecopterideae (10 species). 7. Gleiche- 

 niaceae (2 species). 8. Protopterideae (8 species). 9. Marattiaceae 

 (1 species). 10. Selaginese (3 species). 11. Lepidodendreae (28 

 species). 12. Diplostegiace8e(l species). 13. Calamiteae (17 species). 

 14. Equisetaceae (4 species). 15. Annularieae (8 species). 16. Si- 

 gillarieae (14 species). 17. Cycadeaceae (9 species). 18. Cupres- 

 sineae (2 species). 19. Abietinese (9 species). 20. Foeggerathieae 

 (9 species). The Terrain de la grauwache (1st), comprises the 

 Cambrian and Silurian strata ; 2ndly, the Terrain carhonifere ou 

 houiller, comprises the Devonian and the Carboniferous ; and the 3rd 

 is the Terrain cuivreuoc or the Permian. According to M. d'Eichwald 

 the Grauwacke formation has for its lower members. — 1. Soft blue clay 

 (with Laminarites, &c.), along the Gulf of Finland. 2. Quartzose sand 

 (with Oholus, &c.) of Poodolowo, &c. 3. Argillaceous schists (with 

 Fenestella) of Esthonia, &c. 4. Green sand (with Conodonts, &c.) of 

 St. Petersburg and Baltischport. 5. Sphaeronite -limestone of Sla- 

 wanka, &c., associated with, 6. Bituminous schist. 7. Hemicos- 

 mite-limestone of Wassalem and Padis. 8. Cyclocrinite-limestone 

 of Munalas near Wassalem, Esthonia. 9. Dolomite {Spirifer Iajuoc, 

 &c.) of Kirna, Baltic Provinces ; and 10. Dolomite (unfossiliferous) of 

 Linden near Hapsal. The upper members are : — 11. Pentamerus- 

 limestone of AVenden, Esthonia, &c. 12. Dolomitic sandstone (un- 

 fossiliferous) of Noistfer, Esthonia, &c. 13. Compact Dolomite (with- 

 out fossils) of Kuigang (Oesel) . 14. Compact encrimite-limestone 

 of Oesel. 15. Compact Eurypterus-limestone of Esthonia. The 

 Old Red Sandstone, the Carboniferous Limestone, and the Coal- 

 measures compose M. d'Eichwald's Terrain carhonifire ; the charac- 

 teristic fossils are mentioned at pp. 20-28. The Cupriferous Forma- 

 tion of M. d'Eichwald, or Permian of Murchison, is divisible into an 



