64 THE JOURNAL OF BOTANY 



which has arisen over this group in his Beitr. z. Aufkl. c. polymorph. 



Artengr. d. Leb., published in Verhandl. der K.K. ZoolAot. Ges. in 



Wien, p. 381, 1904. In this paper he shows that the Lophozia 

 turbinate of Central European authors is, in fact, L. badensis. As 

 regards British plants, Mr. Pearson, in Hep. Brit. Isles, p. 309, 

 gives L. badmsis, with the citation of the original species, as a 

 synonym of L. turbinata (Raddi). In my herbarium I find that the 

 following specimens named L. turbinata are L. badensis: — York- 

 shire : Knottinglev, Oct. 14th, 1898, W. Ingham. Ayrshire : Mochra 

 Hill, Jan. 17th, 1883, P. Ewing. Edinburgh : on Eiver Almond 

 above the old mill, Cramond, Sept. 12th, 1904, J. Mc Andrew. Fife: 

 sandstone wall near Falkland, Nov. 21st, 1903, W. Evans. East Boss- 

 shire : Fairy Glen, Eosemarkie, October, 1903, Mm K. B. Macvicar. 



Comparative descriptions of the two species are given in Lindb. 

 & Arnell's Muse. Asm bar. p. 46. I find the following points the 

 most useful in distinguishing between them : — In L. turbinata the 

 leaves, except generally in the male plant, have a narrow base, even 

 in the broad-leaved forms. This is very marked in the sterile stems, 

 where the leaves become obovate or nearly elliptical. They are also 

 not decurrent at the antical base. The leaf-cells are larger, with- 

 out thickenings at the angles. The stems are usually concolorous, 

 with comparatively few rhizoids, and the leaves are generally more 

 remote, and lie flat. In L. badensis the leaves have a broad base, 

 even on the smallest sterile stems, the leaves being there quadrate. 

 The antical base is decurrent, and the cells smaller and slightly 

 thickened at the angles. The stem has copious rhizoids, which are 

 fuscous coloured, as is the postical side of the stem. 



L. turbinata is a western and Mediterranean species, while L. 

 badensis is widely spread throughout Europe. 



Lophozia badensis differs from small forms of L. Mueller i chiefly 

 in the larger leaf-cells, which are only slightly thickened at the 

 angles, and by the absence of under leaves, although a small nearly 

 obsolete under leaf may rarely occur. The stems also are usually 

 more translucent, and the male bracts differ to some extent. Under 



the name Jungermannia acuta Lindenb. both L. turbinata and L. 

 badensis, as well as L. Muelleri, have been included by many 

 authors. As to British plants, Mr. Pearson gives J. bantriemis var. 

 acuta (Lindenb.), which he distinguishes from the var. Muelleru 

 Schiffner, in the paper above referred to (p. 390), footnote, in 

 referring to Mr. Pearson's plant, says : — M The plant described on 

 p. 316 as Jg. bantrimsis var. acuta, and figured on plate 135, is quite 

 certainly (compare the cell structure) only a rather small form of 

 Lophozia MulUri (not L. badensis!). 91 The figure of the cell struc- 

 ture, drawn from a plant of Carrington's, gathered at Dunkeld, as 

 well as the description of the cell structure in the letterpress, no 

 doubt excludes L. badensis, but some of the figures in the plate have 

 been drawn from Gott. & Rabh. Hep. eur. exs. no. 643, which Schiff- 

 ner allows to be L. badensis, while others have been drawn from 

 Spruce's Castle Howard plant, which is without doubt L. badensis. 

 Mr. M. B. Slater kindly gave me a specimen of this gathering of 

 Spruce's, the locality being M New River Bridge, Castle Howard. 



