HYBRIDS AMONG BRITISH PHANEROGAMS 301 



Cyperace^e. — Scirpns carinatus Smith is reputed a hybrid 

 between S. triqueter L. and S. lacustris L., being found in tidal 

 estuaries where these two both occur. The absence of any modern 

 description of the nut (see Bab. Man. ed. ix.) points to its probable 



sterility. 



Carex paniculata X remota (0. Boenninghauseniana Weihe). — C. 



particulate x vulpina, discovered by Eev. E. S. Marshall in Surrey, 

 and determined by Pfarrer Kiikenthal, with whose naming I agree. 

 — C. muricata x remota is said by Mr. Marshall to have been 

 collected by Mr. Druce, and he tells me that Focke calls it " perhaps 

 the commonest Carat:- hybrid," which of course is not the case with 

 us. Possibly Focke follows Nyman in identifying this hybrid with 

 C. axillaris Good, (as also Hooker, Stud. Flora). But this hybrid 

 is so scarce, almost unknown, in fact, in Britain, that it is more 

 probable those of us are right who identify C. axillaris Good, with 

 C. remota x vulpina, which is perhaps the commonest sedge-hybrid 

 with us. — Carex muricata x vulpina is my solution of a sedge 

 gathered by Mr. Marshall in 1892 at Clymping, W. Sussex, and 

 issued by him as G. muricata L. I suggested C. axillaris, which 

 Mr. Marshall was inclined to accept, till under cultivation it pro- 

 duced a shorter spike, more like a vigorous G. muricata. Pfarrer 

 Kiikenthal named it later C. vulpina L. var. nemorosa Eebent., 

 calling it a shade form. The plant is, however, wanting in some 

 of the chief characters of C. vulpina, and in these respects it 

 approaches G. muricata, which parent it most resembles of the two. 

 — C. remota x vulpina is what I regard as G. axillaris Good. ; in 

 this Mr. Marshall concurs. — C. divulsa x vulpina was originally 

 found by Mr. B. F. Towndrow at Newland, Malvern, Worcester- 

 shire, in 1889 ; one plant only, which died out. It did not attract 

 much attention, perhaps through Babington referring it (Wats. 



B. E. G. Report) to C. divulsa, of which he said it had the nut. 

 (With one of my specimens a piece of G. divulsa was attached, and 

 this may have happened with the sheet submitted to the Professor.) 

 I have many specimens of this gathering, and fertile nuts are by no 

 means easy to find. But there is very clear evidence of C. vulpina 

 in the fruit. This hybrid was gathered later, in July, 1902, Port- 

 skewett, Monmouth, by Messrs. Marshall and Shoolbred ; and the 

 specimens, though rather immature, are borne out by Mr. Town- 

 drow's gathering. — C. helvola Blytt is in the London Catalogue list 

 as a species ; was thought by some to be C. curia x echinata, but 

 is now more usually regarded as C. approximata x curta. The 

 evidence is very strong in favour of the Lochnagar plant being 



C. helvola Blytt in the latter sense. I have vigorous plants of it in 

 cultivation, whose compact spikes, now flowering (early May), recall 

 G. approximata, which was present in the original station. The 

 hybrid proved sterile last year. — C\ curta x echinata, as represented 

 by Mr. Bruce's gathering of August, 1897, from Ben Lawers, differs 

 from the last, though equally sterile. The nut is sufficiently 

 formed to show an ovate acuminate shape, such as might be ex- 

 pected to result from C. echinata and C. curta, but would be a very 

 surprising result from C. approximata and C curta, both of which 



