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volucres clothed with somewhat numerous white, curved simple 

 hairs, and very few setae. It is closely allied to H. ccesium and 

 vulgatwn, but Dr. Elfstrand informs me that it is very distinct when 

 fresh. 



H. diaphanum Fr., var. stenolepis Lindeb., embraces most of 

 the plants we have hitherto regarded as H. diaphanoides Lindeb. 

 True specimens of the latter are in my possession from Welton 

 Valley and Congleton Edge, in Staffordshire. Another form of H. 

 diaphanum collected in several Welsh localities by the Rev. A. Ley 

 may eventually prove worthy of special designation. 



H. sciaphilum Uechtritz, embraces a large portion of the speci- 

 mens labelled " H. vulgatwn Fr." in our herbaria. Its main dis- 

 tinguishing characters are the very setose peduncles, and broad 

 acutely toothed leaves. 



H. rigidum Hartm., var. nidense, n. var., first gathered by the 

 Rev. A. Ley, in 1890, from "riverside rocks in the Mellte Glen, 

 south Breconshire." This I suggested Mr. Ley should describe. 

 He preferred, however, that it should be included in this paper. 

 It may be recognised by its numerous leaves, all of which, excepting 

 the highest stem-leaves, which are sessile or subsessile and rounded 

 at the base, are long-elliptic, long-petioled, very gradually tapering 

 into the stalk, acutely pointed, and with long acuminate teeth. 

 The buds are cylindrical, and styles slightly darkened. 



H. rigidum Hartm., var. longiciliatum, n. var. This I first 

 gathered by the Clunie, Braemar, in 1887, and in 1889 the Rev. 

 E. F. Linton again collected it in the same locality. The plant is 

 from 18 to 20 in. high, with long, narrow, lanceolate, acute, 

 dentate cauline leaves, blotched with purple, and having long white 

 hairs on both surfaces and round the margins. Stem, petioles and 

 peduncles all purple, clothed with long white hairs and some floccose 

 down. Involucres dark; inner phyllaries light green, with dark 

 midrib ; all brownish purple at the tips, clothed with very minute 

 yellow setae, a little floccose down, and white black-based hairs. 



H. rigidum Hartm., var. serpentinum, n.var., gathered by the 

 Rev. A. Ley on rocks, Blaen Taf fawr, Breconshire, in 1888, and 

 on mountain rocks, Hatterels, Herefordshire, in 1886. It is cha- 

 racterised by its very tall stem with long branches and peduncles, 

 its narrow stem-leaves with few teeth far apart, and violet spots on 

 the upper surface ; the phyllaries are dark, vary but slightly in 

 breadth, with a little clothing of few simple hairs and minute 

 yellow setae. The minute setae show that the form belongs to 

 rigidum in a wide sense. The name is suggested by the coloration 

 of the leaves, as also by its habit of growth. 



H. rigidum Hartm., var. calcaricolum, n.var., collected by the 

 Rev. H. E. Fox, in 1890, on the limestone above Stroud. Dis- 

 tinguished from others of this group by its tall, slender, upright 

 stem with numerous (11-14) very small sharply dentate leaves, by 

 its relatively large heads (frequently solitary, more often 2) and 

 involucres, and by the broad phyllaries, which are clothed with 

 stellate down, few simple hairs, and scattered, very small, yellow 

 sette (micro-glands). 



