﻿Vol. 66.] LIMESTONE SOUTH OF THE CRAVEN FAULT. 547 



With regard to the beds of the quarry, any estimate of the 

 thickness involves some difficulty. The general dip is south-south- 

 eastward. There is, however, considerable disturbance of the beds. 

 They are in parts much folded, and there is a frequent squeezing- 

 out of the shale bands (compare Draughton, Foxley Bank, etc.). 

 Slickensiding is quite common, and a small fault is seen near the 

 north-western end of the quarry, where earthy shales lie sharp 

 against limestone of the Fogger type. On the whole, the quarry 

 has been worked along the strike, and there is no great thickness 

 of beds seen, probably not more than 40 feet at most. That is, 

 therefore, the maximum which I have allowed in my estimate of 

 the total thickness. 



The shelly and crinoidal limestone found in the lower part of the 

 quarry (the whitest type observed here) is like the white rock of 

 Fogger, and approaches closely some of the beds of the Knoll region, 

 as, for example, those of Carden, Butterhaw, Appletreewick, and 

 Troller's Gill ; but it is not so fossiliferous as some of the Elbolton 

 and Swinden beds. 



The southern branch of the Craven Fault is mapped close to these 

 Crag Laithe beds. The latter and the beds of the Crags themselves 

 evidently form part of the Eshton-Hetton anticline. This anticline 

 is clearly cut off from the beds which have a steady northward dip, 

 as already described ; hence the fault runs across country north-east 

 of Bell Busk and Otterburn, as shown on the 1-inch Geological 

 Survey map (Sheet 60). 



The little exposures in the hilly pastures north-east and east of 

 the Crags help to corroborate the sequence already described. 

 These smaller cuttings have been opened to obtain stone for the 

 walls, and are now to some extent grown over. 



The first is a small cutting some distance north-east of the quarry, 

 and in a field not far from Throstlenest Farmhouse. The beds 

 strike in line with the upper Crags. The dip is the same, and the 

 beds are of the same character. Some 8 to 10 feet of strata, partly 

 overgrown, may be seen. Fossils found : — 



Syringopora cf. reticulata, Goldf. 

 (Small corallites.) 



Syringopora cf. gigantea, Thomson. 



(With very large corallites.) 

 Productus semireticulatus, Mart. 



The second is a much better exposure ; it occurs north of the 

 first and lower in the sequence. A thickness of about 15 feet is 

 exposed. The dip is still approximately the same. 

 List of Fossils obtained. 



Syringopora reticulata, Goldf. (Ave- 

 rage form.) 



Syringopora cf. ramulosa, Goldf. 

 (The small ramulose form.) 



Syringopora gigantea, Thomson. 

 (Rare.) 



Amplexus coralloides, Sow. (Tabulae 

 10 inches long by half an inch wide, 

 extending across from wall to wall 

 and about a quarter of an inch 

 apart. Septa very short.) 



Caninia gigantea, Mich. (Of appa- 

 rently Warrel type.) 



Bhipidomella michelini (L'^veille). 

 Orthotetes crenistria (Phi 11.). (Of 



exactly Warrel type.) 

 Chonetes papilionacea, Phill. (Again 



exactly as at Warrel.) 



