﻿552 MR. A. WILMOEE ON THE CARBONIFEROUS [Nov. I9IO v 



for lead-ore, and there are several adits, one of which on the south- 

 west side is still open. Near Thorpe village is a heap of debris, 

 at an old adit which is now closed. Close at hand, masses of rock 

 in situ may be studied. Here the limestone is of the following 

 types :— 



(A) Coral limestone, with Lithostrotion martini in a fine-grained calcareous 



mud ; in places, a small braehiopod or gasteropod is found between 

 the corallites. 



(B) Crinoidal debris, in which stems, plates, and arms are scattered in all 



directions, with again in places a shell-fragment. 



(C) A shell-debris, with all sorts of odd valves and occasional whole shells 



cemented together by a calcareous cement. 



(D) A shell-debris consisting of larger shells, less perfectly cemented, 



together. The shells come out readily. 

 Of course, there are intermediate types between B, C, and D. 



The dips are towards the grit fells, and the beds of limestone 

 clearly pass under the Pendleside Series and the grits. The rocks 

 are very roughly bedded here. 



Farther westwards the dip is very well seen : it is south-south- 

 easterly and straight towards the grit fells. Shell-breccia, very 

 much like the well-known breccia of the Downham Knoll, is seen 

 here. At the western end, towards Esker House, dips are again 

 seen. At one point, close to an adit, the beds (quite well-bedded) 

 are almost vertical. At the point nearest to Esker House the dip 

 is clearly into the hill. On the northern face of the hill, on the 

 slope facing Linton, there is again a dip-slope, several minor 

 exposures being visible. At the upper end of Thorpe village, in 

 the lane, it is almost due east. Thus the dips are not in keeping 

 with the theory of quaquaversal dips, but are such as one finds 

 in the other districts, where much folding of the flaggy limestone 

 has taken place and where the dips can be well seen (which is not 

 the case at Elbolton). 



Elbolton has long been noted for the beauty of its fossils, and 

 certainly it is a collector's paradise. It would be a mistake, 

 however, to allow the conception to prevail that every part of' 

 Elbolton is good collecting-ground : such is not the case. Some 

 beds are very disappointing, and in other instances a good deal 

 of limestone has to be broken up in order to obtain a few good 

 specimens. On the other hand, there are in places bands where 

 shells can be had for the picking up. Especially is this the case 

 with Martinia glabra^ with SchizojJioria resujpinata, and to a less, 

 degree with other brachiopods and mollusca. 



Stebden Knoll, as I have already observed, stands well back 

 from the line of knolls. It consists of the same limestone as. 

 Elbolton Knoll. The grits are here close to the limestone, and' 

 there is not much room for the normal sequence of Pendleside 

 Beds. There is probably an overthrust fault or an overfold, and 

 thus the limestone of the knolls is brought right against the grit. 



Dips are somewhat irregular in the knoll itself, and they are not 

 quaquaversal. On the south side the dip is into the hill; on the 



