﻿Vol. 66.] LIMESTONE SOUTH OF THE CRAVEN FAULT. 553 



summit of the hill is a dip-mark (1-inch Geological Survey map) 

 40° N.W. There are other westerly or north-westerly dips on the 

 west side. On the north-east side the dip is north-north-easterly. 

 All the beds are coarsely bedded and often somewhat hummocky, 

 and the dips are consequently not readily ascertained. 



The fossils here are of exactly the Swinden and Elbolton type. 

 The general similarity is at once shown by the presence of Litho- 

 strotion irregulare, L. martini, Productus fimbriatus, Pr. punctatus, 

 Pr. giganteus, Pr. striatus, Spirifer bisulcatus, Martinia glabra, 

 Rhynchonella pleurodon, and Pugnax acuminata. 



Butterhaw Knoll. — This knoll is much like Elbolton in many 

 respects, but is smaller. At an old lime-kiln at the south-south- 

 western corner fossils may be got plentifully. The limestone is of 

 the same type as at Elbolton, and the dips are towards the grits 

 again. The valley is very narrow between the grits and the 

 limestones, leaving little room for Pendleside Beds. The same 

 suite of fossils is obtained : namely, Productus martini, Pr. fimbri- 

 atus, Pr. striatus, Pr. humerosus, Martinia glabra (very common 

 again), Spirifer alatus, Sp. bisulcatus, Rhynchonella pleurodon, and 

 Dibunophyllum sp. 



North of Butterhaw towards Linton, and near Esker House, is a 

 cutting in the roadside for road-metal. Here folding is clearly 

 evident in the fairly well-bedded limestone. The dip is almost due 

 east, that is, towards the south-western slope of Elbolton. Hence 

 there is probably a fold or a fault between here and that knoll. 



Eossils are fairly good and again of the same general facies. 

 Cephalopods and gasteropods are seen, in addition to brachiopods 

 and polyzoa. Of course, crinoids are plentiful. The brachiopods 

 include Productus pustulosus, Pr. scabriculus, Pr. fimbriatus, Pr. 

 martini, Pr. striatus, Pr. giganteus (a deeply fluted or ribbed form, 

 ribs very irregular), Spirifer bisulcatus, Spirifer sp. (?), and Martinia 

 glabra. 



Still going westwards, the next knoll is the small hill named 

 Car den, which is separated from Butterhaw by a transverse stream, 

 as already mentioned. Here scars face the Swinden-Linton Valley, 

 and the dip seems fairly regular at some points towards the grit 

 hill. The Pendleside Beds must be very thin again, as the lime- 

 stones come very near to the grits. Brachiopods and corals are the 

 same as before, excepting that I obtained one small Zaphrentid 

 here. 



Skelterton is the next and the last knoll in the series. Its 

 beds again dip, on the whole, towards the grits. There is some 

 lithological change evident, however, for there are not the same 

 shell banks, but crinoidal limestone with beds made up for the 

 most part of finely comminuted material. There are such beds in 

 Elbolton Knoll, but here they form the bulk of the strata. In 



