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ME. A. WILMORE ON THE CARBONIFEROUS [NoV. I91O, 



Summary of Evidence of Intense Folding in the 

 immediate Knoll Area. 



(a) Cracoe Gil], at the western end of the area, shows much folding, the 



beds in the lower part of the Gill being much disturbed. 



(b) Threapland Gill (already mentioned) shows folding and probable 



faulting. 



(c) Small Gill, which empties itself into the Wharfe near Hebden Swing 



Bridge. This again shows a complete turnover of the beds in the 

 upper part of the Gill. 



(d) Roadside cutting near Esker House, old road from Thorpe to Cracoe. 



(e) Railway-cutting, near Catchall Inn (already mentioned). 



(,/') Folds seen in Swinden Knoll, as it is being dissected by quarrying 

 operations. This is the only knoll in this district that has been 

 thus dissected, and its internal structure shown. 



(g) Folds clearly seen in the bed of the Wharfe at Loup Scar, Burnsall. 



Fauna of the Knolls and the intervening Limestone Exposures. 



Cyathophyllum sp. (Probably aff. 

 murchisoni.) 



Cyathophyllum regium, Phill. 



Caninia hettonensis, sp. nov. 



Ciminia cf. subibicina, M'Coy. (Two 

 varieties.) 



Caninia aff. gigantea, Mich. 



Zaphrentis sp. (Rare.) 



Amplexus coralloides, Sow. 



Clisiophyllum sp. 



Carcinophyllum aff. Jcirsopianum, 

 Thomson. 



Carcinophyllum sp. 



Lophophyllum sp. 



Lithostrotion portlocki (Bronn). (Com- 

 mon.) 



Lithostrotion m'coyanum, M.-E. & H. 

 (Common.) 



Lithostrotion aranea (M'Coy). 



Lithostrotion cf. martini, M.-E. & H. 

 (Very common.) 



Lithostrotion affine (Flem.). 



Lithostrotion irregulare, M.-E. & H. 



Lithostrotion junceu in (Flem.). (Rare.) 



Michelinia cf. tenuisepta (Pbill.). 



Syringopora reticulata, Goldf. (Rare.) 



Spirifer bisulcatus, Sow. (Common.) 

 Spirifer lineatus, Phill. ( = Reticular ia 



lineata, M'Coy). (Common.) 

 Spirifer trigonalis (Mart.). 

 Spirifer ovalis, Phill. 

 Spirifer integricosta, Phill. 

 Spirifer pinguis, Sow. 

 Martinia glabra (Mart.). (Exceedingly 



common in places.) 

 Rhynchonella pleurodon (Phill.). 



(Common.) 

 Rhynchonella pugnus (Mart.). 



Pugnax acuminata (Mart.). (Ex- 

 ceedingly common in places.) 



Orthotetes crenistria (Phill.). (Com- 

 mon in places.) 



Strophomena analoga, Phill. 



Strophomena rhomboidalis (Wahl.). 



Productus martini, Sow. (Very com- 

 mon everywhere.) 



Productus semireticidatus (Mart.). ] 



Productus pusticlosus, Phill. I 



Productus scabriculus (Mart.). J 



Some specimens show the 

 characters of two or more of 

 these species. 



Productus cora, d'Orb. 



Productus corrugatus, M'Coy. 



Productus punctatus (Mart.). 



Productus fimbriates, Sow. (Common 

 at Elbolton and Swinden.) 



Productus aculeatus (Mart.). 



Productus giganteus (Mart.). (Very 

 common everywhere.) 



Productus striatus, Fischer. (Very 

 common at Elbolton and Swinden.) 



Schizophoria resupinata (Mart.). 

 (Very common at Elbolton.) 



Schizophoria resupinata, var. conni- 

 vens (Phill.). (Very common at 

 Elbolton.) 



Rhipidomella michelini (L'Eveille). 

 (Not common.) 



Chonetes papilionacea (Phill.). (Not 

 common.) 



Chonetes hardrensis (Phill.). 



Athyris planosulcata (Phill.). 



Athyris royssii, L'Eveille. 



Dielasma hastatum (Sow.). (Common, 

 especially at Swinden.) 



