Vol, 55.] GEOLOaiCAL STRUCTUIIE OF THE SOUTHERN MALVERN8. 145 



This conclusion was confirmed by the discovery, made later, of 

 a patch of May Hill Sandstone in place, embedded in the heart of 

 the Malvernian gneissic series, at the extreme southern end of the 

 hill, and along what is evidently the same line of dislocation. 



Along the northern side of the road in the Hollybush Pass, 

 exactly opposite the 4th milestone from Ledbury, may be seen the 

 junction of this strip with the gneissic series. The May Hill Beds 

 of the patch apparently consist chiefly of a purple grit, which 

 is exposed only in a weathered condition, but may be reached by 

 excavation. The width of the zone along the road is perhaps as 

 much as 50 yards. A little more than this distance west of the 

 milestone, rocks of the gneissic series were again reached by 

 excavation. Tig. 11 (p. 143) represents the relations seen opposite 

 the milestone. The dip of the sandstones is predominantly west- 

 north-westward at 60°. The junction is clearly a fault, with an 

 undulatory surface, which runs about north and south, and, for the 

 most part, dips eastward at an angle of about 80°. 



The evidence from the hollow on the southern side of Eagged- 

 stone Hill is of a similar nature, but less obtrusive, fragments other 

 than those of the gneissic series being rare. Immediately above tbe 

 road I found a large block of Hollybush Conglomerate (M 177), 

 and at the level of the north-western margin of the two small 

 copses in the hollow (M 178) another piece of Hollybush Con- 

 glomerate, together with large fragments of purple Llandovery grit, 

 were obtained. At an intermediate point fragments of Hollybush 

 Sandstone were found ; these, however, possibly came from the 

 ridge bounding the western side of the hollow a little higher up, 

 the crest of which is formed by the sandstone, but no such origin 

 can be assigned to the other two kinds of rock. In the upper part 

 of the hollow no fragments can be found, except debris from the 

 Archaean rocks of the slopes, and in all likelihood no Palaeozoic 

 rocks are present at this point, the strips which occur lower down 

 having probably a lenticular shape. An important feature of this 

 hollow is the practical certainty that a line of dislocation runs 

 down it, as first shown by Holl.^ 



In the large hollow on tbe northern side of Eaggedstone Hill, 

 known as Winter Combe (see PI. XY), the proofs of the inclusion 

 of Palaeozoic rocks in the Archaean Series are more satisfactory. 

 Along the western slope of the hollow there is a distinct outcrop, 

 for some distance, of Hollybush Conglomerate (M 164), which dips 

 between west and west by north at 40° ; that is, straight towards 

 the gneissic series, from which it is, accordingly, in all probability, 

 separated by a fault. This band of conglomerate forms a low 

 rounded ridge. Pig. 14 (p. 146) represents a section drawn across 

 it to scale, with a length down the slope measured in yards. 



The Archaean rocks are not exposed at this point, and the position 

 assigned to them is inferred from the mapping. Immediately north 



1 Quart. Journ. GTeol. Soc. vol. xxi (1865) p. 74. 

 Q. J. G. S. No. 218. L 



