Vol. 55-] 



STRUCTURE OF THE SOUTHERlSr MALVERNS. 



147 



to about the level of the road, where it must be cut out by the 

 meeting of the two faults which bound it : but it does not pass 

 beyond the road, for north of this Archaean rocks are everywhere 

 present. 



Winter Combe is, then, a bollow excavated in a shattered com- 

 plex of more or less lenticular masses of Hollybush Sandstone, 

 Hollybush Conglomerate, and rocks of the gneissic series. 



Pig. 15. — Section across the northern jpart of Roggedstone Hill. 



I f ; d c 



®F F 



[Scale : 



i^i^= Faults. 

 ^=: Trias. 



/=May Hili Sandstone. 

 ^=G-rey Shales (Cambrian). 



F ,FF F F F 



4^ inches = 1 mile.] 



d='Dj\e in Hollybush Sandstone. 

 c=: Hollybush Sandstone. 

 6= Hollybush Conglomerate. 

 a=rArch£ean. 



Comparing the foregoing observations, attention may be drawn 

 to the fact that the included patches of Palaeozoic rock all occur 

 along a continuous line of depression which, starting at the south- 

 eastern end of Raggedstone Hill, runs first in a north-westerly, and 

 then successively in a north-north-westerly, northerly, north-north- 

 easterly, and north-easterly direction, finally turning eastward. 

 Its course is practically a semi-ellipse. This hollow marks a complex 

 line of powerful disturbance, along which difit'erential movements, 

 to the extent of 2000 feet or more, have taken place. 



(4) The Hollybush Pass. 



This district has already been described in speaking of the 

 adjacent slopes of the hills on each side, and one point alcne 

 remains for consideration. 



The existence of a deep transverse depression extending right 

 across the range is remarkable, but the student of the Malvern 

 district soon learns that many of the faults of the area are marked 

 by lines of depression at the surface. Holl, indeed, long ago ^ 

 expressed his belief that some of the passes between the hills have 

 been determined by lines of fault. It is not easy to prove the 

 existence of an important fault running the whole length of the 

 Pass, but there are several distinct pieces of evidence which point 

 to this conclusion. 



On the west, the boundaries of the Hollybush Sandstone appear 

 to be continuous across the Pass, and the general dip of the beds 

 is similar in both direction and amount ; but the behaviour of 



^ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol, xxi (1865) p. 95. 



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