156 



TROY. T. T. GROOM ON THE GEOLOGICAL [May 1899, 



One interesting point of resemblance to certain typical raountain- 

 ranges is the occurrence of transverse faults, such as that which 

 runs down the Gullet Pass, between Midsummer and Swinyard 

 Hills. It follows, moreover, from Phillips's description of the 

 Silurian rocks west of the Malverns,^ that the strata are thrown 

 into a series of normal folds, which run in a direction generally 

 parallel to that of the Malverns themselves ; the anticlines of this 

 system have a steep westerly, and a more gentle easterly dip, so 

 that the axes dip east- 

 ward. This series of folds pig^ 20.— Theoretical restoration of the 

 (fig. 18, p. 152) IS a good ^.^^^-^^^ ^^- ^j^^ Malvern Hills along the 



example of the Austo- ^^^ ^y ^j^^ Malvern Tunnel (p. 150). 



nungszone commonly 

 associated with moun- 

 tain-ranges. A further 

 apparent resemblance to 

 such ranges consists in 

 the depressed block of 

 country east of the Mal- 

 verns : this, at first sight, 

 may be held to constitute 

 the Abgesunkenes 

 R ii c k 1 a n d of Conti- 

 nental geologists ; but it 

 must be noted that the 

 movement which took 

 place along the line of 

 fault between the Mal- 

 vern range and the Trias 

 of the Vale of Gloucester 

 is, in part at any rate, 

 necessarily of post-Tri- 

 assic age, and hence 

 long subsequent to the 

 movements which pro- 

 duced the old Malvern 

 range. 



Beneath the ' Permian ' 

 and Triassic rocks east of 

 the hills, there is every 

 reason to believe that 

 relics of the easterly ex- 

 tension of the old range 

 survive. Such formations 

 have long been known to 

 rest directly upon the 



older series in the Malvern and Abberley districts. The fault on 

 the eastern side of the Malvern range has depressed the Archaean 



xr= Present surface. 

 i^i^= Faults. 



6 = Lower Palaeozoic, 

 a = Archaean. 



Mem. Geol. Surv. vol. ii (1848) pt. i, p. 134. 



