Yol. 55.] STEUCTUEE OF THE SOUTHEEN MALYEENS. 159 



igneous hand may be recognized forming, together with a strip of 

 Hollybush Sandstone and the lowest Black Shales seen, the small 

 spur running north-westward from the north-eastern extremity of 

 Chase End Hill (see p. 149). 



It will be seen from the foregoing description that, between the 

 Malvern range and the May Hill Sandstone escarpment, there is a 

 great shale series, in which bands of igneous rock are intercalated 

 at several horizons; and that, while near the Malvern range the 

 beds are inverted so as to dip at angles of 60° or less into the hills, 

 a short distance away they become vertical, and then dip at a high 

 angle in the opposite direction, and that still farther from the axis 

 they assume a somewhat low normal dip. The shales accordingly 

 form part of a fold, the north-eastern limb of which is overthrown. 



We may, from an examination of the district, distinguish the 

 following horizons in the Malvern Shales : — 



{Upper Grey Shales. 

 Coal Hill igneous band. 

 Lower Grey Shales. 

 Middle igneous band. 

 {Upper Black Shales. 

 Upper White-leaved Oak igneous band. 

 Lower Black Shales. 

 Lower "White-leaved Oak igneous band. 



Of these eight bands the upper seven can be traced more or less 

 clearly over the whole of the sub-district, the three chief igneous 

 bands forming well-marked ridges, which run uniformly from south- 

 east to north-west, and the intervening shales forming equally well- 

 defined but small strike-valleys. The course of the two upper 

 igneous bands is interrupted, first by the valley along which the 

 section in fig. 13 (p. 144) is drawn, and secondly by a less marked 

 depression which, running about north and south, separates Coal 

 Hill from the north-western slopes of Chase End Hill. 



The upper White-leaved Oak band (PL XIV) forms the highest 

 and most continuous of these ridges. It extends from the northern 

 corner of Pendock's Grove for a distance of ^ mile south-eastward, 

 where it abuts against the schists of Chase End Hill, forming the 

 northern part of the main spur of this hill. The surface formed by 

 the Lower Black Shales slopes down somewhat steeply on the flank 

 of Eaggedstone Hill, but south-east of White-leaved Oak a deep 

 hollow — the Valley of White-leaved Oak — is excavated largely in 

 these shales. 



The Upper Black Shales west of White-leaved Oak form a rather 

 deep depression along the eastern border of Pendock's Grove, while 

 south of the village a slight depression only is observable. 



The middle igneous band forms a pronounced ridge extending 

 along the northern portion of Pendock's Grove, and, after a partial 

 interruption by the main transverse glen, continues its course to a 

 point immediately beneath the summit of Chase End Hill, the maia 

 spur of which it largely forms. 



