Vol. 55.] SOTJTHEEJf MOROCCO AND THE ATLAS MOUNTAINS. 211 



were pushed up without always carrying the adjacent beds with 

 them. To some such movement as this must be due the step-like 

 arrangement of the flanking-ranges, the series of faults at the base 

 of these steps, and the crumpling and crushing of the rocks at such 

 faults. The last-named phenomenon is well seen at the junction of 

 the Cretaceous with the metamorphic rocks in the Marossa district. 

 Here the sandstones and limestones, which cap the lower ranges 

 on the north and lie almost horizontally, are contorted in the most 

 remarkable manner along the line of fault, where the metamorphic 

 rocks have been forcibly thrust up to a height of several thousand 

 feet. 



The same feature may be seen aU along the fault to the Amsmiz 

 glen. A tributary of the Asif el Mel has excavated a consider- 

 able gorge along this line of fault, showing the result of the 

 upheaval. At one place, the Cretaceous beds are crumpled into 

 sharp curves, in another the beds are ridged up vertically, while 

 50 yards from the fault the same rocks are seemingly undisturbed. 

 In passing, we may note that in this gorge a very good example 

 of a terminal moraine can be seen, made up of great polished 

 subangular blocks in a matrix of fine material. At one time, this 

 moraine dammed back the streams and formed a small tarn, now 

 drained off. 



From Marossa, right across to the Sus Valley, one finds nothing 

 but metamorphic schists, grauwackes, quartzites, and crystalline 

 limestones, and, if the Cretaceous rocks are anywhere represented on 

 the southern slope of the range, they must occur at a very low 

 altitude. Standing on the peak of Jebel Ogdimt, overlooking the 

 Sus plain, I could perceive no feature in the scenery which even 

 suggested their existence. 



(8) From Imintanut to Sus. 



We now come to the last section, no longer, however, across the 

 Atlas range, but along its western end, where it merges into the 

 plateau-land of Mtuga and Haha. 



On leaving the district of Imintanut, the mountains are entered 

 by a narrow gorge, which immediately widens out into a glen. 

 This narrowing is the result of the greater power of resistance to 

 denuding agencies presented by a thick, hard, cream-coloured lime- 

 stone, dipping at an angle of about 60° northward, coincident with 

 the outer slope of the mountains, and presenting a scarped face on 

 the opposite side, capping at the same time the more friable shales 

 and sandstones. A rich fossiliferous bed appears here, a circum- 

 stance of which unfortunately I was not able to avail myself. * 



Immediately beyond the gorge the glen divides into three. If the 

 traveller follows the western branch, it is found to be excavated along 

 the line of junction of the Cretaceous and metamorphic rocks. At the 

 head of the glen we again turn southward, still skirting, however, the 

 line of iunction of the two formations ; but the Cretaceous is now 

 represented by the red sandstones and shales of the Lower Series. In 



p2 



