Yol. 55.] THE ASHBOUEXE AND BUXTON EAILWAT. 229 



appears once in this part of the cutting. At the northern end, the 

 railway runs through beds about 54 feet above the ash. After I had 

 plotted the vertical and horizontal sections, and arrived at the fore- 

 going conclusions, I received from Dr. Wheelton Hind his description, 

 which deals with the section in Tissington cutting only. He states 

 that the Toadstones seen at the south and centre of the cutting 

 belong to • the same bed, so that the whole of the first part is one 

 complete synclinal basin, itself thrown into many minor folds by 

 contortions,' and concludes that ' the beds immediately overlying 

 the Toadstone' are not ' identical with those which rest on it in the 

 first part of the section.' 



The line passes along a small embankment, and soon enters the 

 Highway Close Barn cutting. Between these two cuttings the beds 

 probably form a syncline. 



(7) Highway Close Barn. (Pis. XYII-XYIII 

 & text-figs. 2-3, p. 230.) 



This and the next cutting pass through ground which was mapped 

 as Mountain Limestone by the ofiicers of the Geological Survey. The 

 beds consist of limestones and shales, which lie above the third 

 exposure of ash at the northern end of the cutting. They have been 

 folded into an anticline and syncline. A thick group of ashy lime- 

 stones, which occupies the middle of the series in the cutting, is seen 

 three times. The limestones at first dip south-eastward, then bend 

 sharply over, dipping north-westward, and are brought up again on 

 the other side of the syncline. A reference to PI. XYII, fig. 2, and 

 PI. XYIII, fig. 4, will explain the position and sequence of the beds. 

 Above the ash 86 feet of strata may be seen. The limestones are 

 thicker, lie more closely together, and have thinner partings of shale 

 than is the case in the Tissington cutting. There are, however, 

 several thick beds of shale with a few thin limestone-bands. Thin 

 beds of tuff are also intercalated with the shales, and lapilli are 

 numerous in some of the limestones, up to a height of 80 feet above 

 the thick ash-bed. The limestones are often cherty, and contain 

 Productus. The upper part of the ash-bed is seen at the northern 

 end of the cutting, below the shales and limestones. Some portions 

 of it are finely laminated, others are of a coarser texture, and a few 

 ejected blocks are found in it. After crossing the valley which runs 

 down to Shaws Farm, the railway enters the next cutting. 



(8) Crake Low. (Pis. XYII-XYIII & text-fig. 1, p. 230.) 



About the first half of this cutting is in Mountain Limestone, 40 

 feet of which is seen. The upper beds are thin and cherty, and 

 there is an absence of shale. They dip 15° southward, and probably 

 lie conformably beneath the thick ash in the last cutting ; they may 

 belong to the same series of beds, the top of which is seen below 

 the thick ash in the Tissington cutting. Productus abounds, and 



