314 PROF. T. &. BONNET AND EEV. E. HILL ON THE [Aug. 1 899, 



and cannot always be identified. Most of it is sand, but clay seems 

 to occur in patches.^ 



Near the edge of the wood, on the slope north of Sassnitz, is- 

 a rather large double pit ^ divided by a kind of isthmus of Chalk.. 

 At the top of the upper pit this rock is covered only by soil, but 

 before long sand begins to intervene, and on reaching the partition 

 becomes quite 8 feet thick. It is banded by more clayey layers, 

 browner in colour, and an inch or so thick. The wall of the upper 

 pit exhibited a pipe filled with the sand. At first this pipe was 

 almost vertical, then it narrowed and took a nearly horizontal 

 course, after which it descended more steeply till it died out at 

 a vertical depth of about 25 feet from the top of the Chalk. The 

 walls of a trench cut into the isthmus disclosed a section of ai 

 roughly horizontal fissure in the Chalk, measuring about 4J or 

 5 feet €rom top to bottom, and filled with sand ; in this were 

 horizontal streaks of Chalk (probably reconstituted), the largest 

 being 5 or 6 feet long, but only a few inches thick. The Chalk 

 above was quite unbroken, and in the thinnest part not much less 

 than 3 feet thick. The southern wall of the isthmus disclosed a 

 sand-pipe, which possibly might have been connected with this 

 fissure. In this part of the wall the flint-layers are locally bent 

 into a sharp arch, the crown of which is cut through by the pipe. 

 This evidently was rather large in size and irregular in shape, 

 being apparently filled with the glacial sand.^ 



The quarry shows two other pipes, one of which, irregular in 

 form and almost horizontal in direction, is filled with sand con- 

 taining unworn flints and lumps of chalk. Its course seems to have 

 been modified by the bands of flints. 



Proceeding now to sections which are more closely comparable 

 with those of Moen, we select (1) a very large chalk-pit, at the 

 southern corner of a wood and rather more than | mile west 

 of the town railway-station, which cuts deep into the hill-slope on 

 the western side of the opening. The Chalk, towards the upper 

 end, almost reaches the surface. As the wall of the pit curves 



^ In one place a surface of Chalk had recently been laid bare, more than a 

 rood in extent, from which about 5 feet of material, mostly clayey, bad been 

 removed ; on it lay numerous boulders, showing that they had been fairly 

 common either in or at the bottom of the Drift. We estimated roughly a 

 cubic foot of boulder-rock to a cubic yard of clay. 



^ Pits are noticed by 0. Struckmann, Zeitschr. d. Deutsch. Geol. Gesellseh. 

 vol. xxxi (1879) p. 788, and F. Wahnschaffe, ibid. vol. xxxiv (1882) p. 593. 

 The former makes seven divisions in the Drift, the latter three (besides that 

 which we take for the surface-material), namely, clay, sand, clay. Both 

 authors mention the occurrence of 2 s^jecies of freshwater shells about the^ 

 middle of the sand, and of marine {TeUina solidula, one specimen with both 

 valves) towards the top, but Wahnschaffe asserts that these occur only locally 

 in lenticular layers. They refer especially to ' Kiister's Pit,' which we believe 

 to be one farther east, now disused and not showng any clear sections. 



3 To represent the section in a diagram is extremely difficult, because the 

 pipe had been left by the workmen so as to form, with some of the adjacent 

 Chalk, a kind of buttress, descending in a series of steps. As the pit has been 

 opened to get chalk for whitening, the sand has been avoided as useless. 



