^0^» 55'] CHALK AND DEIFT IN MOEN AND RtJGEN. 



315 



round towards the north, clay (seemingly) makes its appearance, 

 thickening to perhaps 30 feet rather west of the highest point 

 (at which the Drift must measure about 12 feet) ; but this part 

 was so thickly powdered with chalk-dust that all details were 

 concealed. The section, however, became quite clear on the eastern 

 side, and lower down the hill can be readily examined. Here 

 the surface of the Chalk has a steeper slope than is shown in the 

 diagram (fig. 3), for it is plunging slightly beneath the Drift, and thus- 



Fig. 3. — Section in pit, half-a-mile west of Krampass- 

 Sassnitz railway -station {Rugen). 



1 = Chalk. 

 2a = Lower Clay. 

 2h clipper Clay. 



3 = Sand. 



4 = Drift, washed over. 



5 = Drift-material (apparently 



a filled-up pit). 



(The seemingly abrupt termination of the Drift is due to a projection 

 of the wall of Chalk hiding the other from view.) 



the angle may amount to as much as 40°. Directly upon this surface,, 

 without any intervening layer of unworn flints, rested a bed of clay. 

 This, at the lower end, where we examined it, was about 4 feet 

 thick. It became rather more at a higher level, but then it passed 

 up into a layer, 8 or 10 inches thick, of gravel in a clayey matrix. 

 The pebbles were fairly rounded, often about as big as a horse- 

 bean, but sometimes larger, up to the size of a pigeon's eg^. 

 Above this layer came about 5 feet of well-stratifi.ed, occasionally 

 false-bedded sand, resembling that already described, in which now 

 and then was a seam of grit, including one or two small pebbles. 

 This was covered by a second bed of clay. Both are stony, the 

 upper perhaps slightly the more so ; the lower is here a little more 

 sandy. In the coast-sections it is generally the upper clay that is 

 slightly more sandy. The diagram (fig. 3) shows — and this is made 

 still clearer by a study of the pit as a whole — that the flexures of 

 the Chalk must be anterior to the surface-contours of that rock ; 

 or, in other words, that the present dip of the Glacial deposits was 



