1851.] SEDGWICK PALAEOZOIC ROCKS OF WESTMORELAND. 49 



in some of the fissile beds. Indeed, had not the great Sear-limestone 

 been close at hand, I believe quarries might have been opened in 

 some parts of these older rocks sufficiently calcareous to have been 

 profitably burnt for lime. 



Taking the group in ascending order, we first meet with some 

 hard, ferruginous, quartzose beds very near the Scar-limestone. 

 These are followed by bluish-green ragstone and coarse slate. Next, 

 in ascending order, come grey calcareous slates, and flagstones with 

 an obscure transverse cleavage (fig. 6, d). These abound in calca- 

 reous concretions, and rise in great flaky masses, some of which are 

 penetrated by numerous calcareous veins ; they contain numerous 

 fossils, generally ill-preserved. Farther down the rivulet the harder, 

 greenish, and less calcareous bands reappear, but are covered up by 

 the drifted matter of the valley. 



The whole group exposed is of considerable thickness, although, 

 partially, repeated by faults and undulations ; and its general position 

 among the neighbouring rocks may be collected from the following 

 facts : — First, where the beds emerge from under the horizontal lime- 

 stone, they dip true S. Z 30°. This continues some distance, after 

 which the beds dip 70° W. of Mag. S. Z 50°. Then comes a break 

 among the strata, beyond which the beds for a short distance dip 70° 

 E. of Mag. N. Z 30°. But they are soon reversed, and dip true S. ; 

 and near the extreme end of the section, where the slates disappear, 

 the dip is to a point a few degrees west of true south, at angles vary- 

 ing from 60° to 45°. 



The preceding notes may help to show what is the position of the 

 group I am noticing, and its analogies with other groups in the pre- 

 vious sections ; but the age of the group must mainly depend on the 

 fossil evidence; and this is not wanting. Assisted by my friend 

 John Ruthven, I carefully turned over and broke up the more cal- 

 careous beds and obtained from them the following species : — 



Calymene brevicapitata, Portlock ; a Bala species. 

 Zethus atractopyge, M'Coy ; a Bala species. 

 Leptsena sericea, Soiv. 



Strophomena pecten, Linn. sp. ; Bala and Wenlock. 

 Orthis vespertilio. Sow. ; Bala, &c. 



Actoniae, Sow. ; Bala, &c. 



parva, Pand. sp. ; Bala, &c. 



plicata. Sow. ; Bala, ^c. 



calligramma, Bal. ; Bala, &c. 



Stenopora fibrosa, Gold. sp. ; ranging from Bala to Lower 



Carboniferous (?) . 

 Favosites crassa, M'Coy ; Bala. 



Orthoceras subundulatum, Munst. ; Bala and Wenlock. 

 primaevum, Forh. sp. ; Bala and Wenlock. 



This list is quite conclusive, as nothing resembling it has been found 

 in the North of England except in the Coniston-limestone group. 



3. Following the line of section over the wide-spread alluvion of 

 the valley of the Kibble, we reach the bluffs escarpment of Moughton 



VOL. VIII. PART I. E 



