1852.] LYELL BELGIAN TERTIARY FORMATIONS. 361 



position to the Lower Landenian near Jauche, on the road leading to 

 Enines (Map, fig. 2, PI. XVII.), where it is 40 feet thick, and con- 

 sists of alternating yellow and whitish sands, resembling the " striped 

 sands" of Lewisham and Woolwich, and, like the British "Lower 

 Tertiaries," containing a bed of lignite. At a higher level in the 

 series, at Huppaye, in the same district, this formation contains snow- 

 white sands with beds of hard paving-stone or siliceous sandstone, 

 from 7 to 10 feet thick. I saw the same "striped sands" at Marilles, 

 about one league north-east of Huppaye, traversed by a layer of well- 

 rounded flint-pebbles. In the neighbourhood of Tirlemont I found 

 fragments of silicified wood in this part of the series, and at Oplinter, 

 a few miles north of Tirlemont, clay with lignite and the leaves of 

 dicotyledonous trees. To this locality I was conducted by M. de 

 Koninck. M. Dumont informed me that, at some points, the alter- 

 nations of clay and beds of lignite in the middle portion of this series 

 are very numerous. We may hope, therefore, that some fossil plants, 

 at least, may hereafter be obtained. 



Near the railway station at Landen I saw a section of the upper 

 Landenian formation, consisting of white and yellow striped sands 

 without fossils, about 35 feet thick. 



§ 10. Glauconite of Tournay and Angres (G. Table I. p. 279). 

 Beds between the Plastic Clay and the Chalk of Maestricht. 

 Systeme Landenien inf^rieuVy Dumont. 



I have next to describe strata which are certainly older than those 

 last alluded to, but concerning the relations of which to the Tertiary 

 or the Cretaceous series, much difference of opinion exists. The lo- 

 calities where I examined this series, called " Lower Landenian" by 

 M. Dumont, were : — 1. Tournay. 2. Angres, near Quievrain, about 

 fourteen miles S.W. of Mons : see Map, fig. 1, PL XVII. 3. In the 

 province of Hesbaye, at Folx-les- Caves, Orp-le-Grand, Lincent, and 

 several other places. 



1. Tournay. 



About two miles from the Valenciennes gate of Tournay, on the 

 left bank of the Scheldt, are some large quarries deeply excavated in 

 the Mountain or Carboniferous limestone. In one belonging to M. 

 Dapsens Carbonnel, the limestone (1) is seen covered as in the accom- 

 panying section, fig. 10, with a well-known member of the chalk, 

 provincially called "tourtia" (2), above which is white chalk-marl (3), 

 vdth the usual fossils, upon which rest strata (4, 5), referred by M. 

 Dumont and others to the tertiary series, and called in Belgium 

 " Lower Landenian." The lowest of these is an argillaceous grey 

 marl (4), strongly contrasted in its darker colour with the white 

 chalk-marl. I found in this grey marl (4) a perfect specimen of a 

 well-known chalk fossil, Terehratula gracilis, Schlotheim {T. rigida. 

 Sow., *Min. Conch.' vol. vi. p. 69, pi. 536. fig. 2), with both valves 

 united. With this was Terehratula striatula, in abundance, also 

 Ostrea (JExogyra) lateralis, Nyst, and a Bryozoon. 



Reposing on the marl (4) and passing into it at the junction are 



