382 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [June 16, 



fresh sections have been subsequently exposed by the operations of 

 nature or of man that any material additions or corrections of that 

 Survey can be looked for. A case of the kind has lately occurred in 

 Herefordshire, revealing a small protrusion of Silurian rocks in the 

 midst of the Old Red Sandstone, and accompanied by circumstances 

 of some geological interest. 



A quarry having been opened near the base of the Old Red Sand- 

 stone, a few hundred yards west of Hagley House, near Lugwardine, 

 and a deep drain having been cut from the quarry towards the S.E., 

 the junction-beds of the Old Red Sandstone and of the Upper Lud- 

 low Rock were unexpectedly exposed. This circumstance attracted 

 the notice of M. J. Scobie, Esq., of Hereford, to whom I am in- 

 debted for having my attention drawn to the spot, and for many in- 

 teresting organic remains and geological details which his residence in 

 the vicinity enabled him to collect. I must also express my obliga- 

 tions, and those of the other geological friends who accompanied me, 

 to Robert Biddulph Phillipps, Esq., the owner of the land, who 

 kindly caused part of the quarry to be re-opened for our inspection. 



The area of Silurian rocks here exposed on the surface does not 

 exceed three or four acres ; it consists of yellowish sandstones refer- 

 able to the "Downton Sandstones" of Sir Roderick Murchison, 

 resting on grey micaceous Upper Ludlow schists, and dipping on all 

 sides beneath the sandstones and marls of the Old Red Series. They 

 seem to form a portion of a very flattened dome, and the quarry, 

 which extends about seventy yards from N."W. to S.E., cuts through 

 this dome on its south-western slope. Such at least is the conclusion 

 drawn from the dip of the beds, which at the north end of the quarry 

 is about 10° N.W. by W. ; at the middle of the quarry, 5° W.N.W. ; 

 about twenty yards further S., 8° W.S.W. ; and at the southern 

 extremity, 7° S.S.W. The following section is here exposed in de- 

 scending order, as far as the irregularities of the stratification permit 

 them to be measured. 



ft. in. 

 r\^A -D^A o„^A.4. «« fl- Red maris and clays, containing bands of whitish 



Old Red Sandstone... I sandstone, not calcareous, about 12 



r 2. Hard brownish sandstone... 2 



3. Flaggy, slightly micaceous, brown sandstone ... 2 



4. Highly micaceous,thin-bedded, brown sandstone 2 



5. Band of clay and rubble, about 6 



6. Micaceous yellowish sandstone, with traces of 

 carbonized plants 2 



7. Clay and rubble 6 



8. Micaceous yellowish sandstone, with numerous 

 fragments of carbonized plants 4 



■ 9. BoneSj teeth, and scales of fish, about 1 



10. Grey micaceous shale, effervescing with acid, 



full of fossils, about 4 



Downton Sandstones. < 



Upper Ludlow Rocks. 



29 1 



The vegetable remains in the beds Nos. 6 and 8 are interesting 

 from their extreme antiquity, but in general present no traces of their 

 organic structure. They are merely rounded and water-worn frag- 

 ments converted into a coaly mass, which cracks in drying. When 



