FRAAS TERTIARY DEPOSITS IN THE wiJRTEMBERG ALPS. 39 



On Tertiary Deposits w the Wurtemberg Alps. 

 By O. Fraas. 



[ [Wurtemb. Jahreshefte, 1851, vol. viii. p. 56-59 ; and Leonhard u. Bronn's 

 N. Jahrb. f. Min. u. s. w. 1852, 3 H. p. 345.] 



The tertiary pisolite beds [Bohnerz, Fer oolitique, Pea-iron-ore] are 

 of two ages. Generally they occupy channels, basins, clefts, and holes 

 in the massive limestone and spongites-beds (Quenstedt's "plumpen 

 Felsenkalken und Spongites-Banken," s. and y. of the White Jura *), 

 the walls of the cavities being quite covered with radiating calc-spar. 

 These generally contain teeth of Mastodon, Hippotherium, Equus, 

 Elephas, and Rodents, mostly broken and rolled. Similar deposits 

 are found at Salmendingen, Melchingen, and Onstmettingen, where 

 human teeth also and works of art have been found. 



The caverns with PalcBotherium are of another kind. In going 

 from Mess-stetten through the Hardt, on the Baden frontier, on the 

 way to Stetten and opposite the smelting-house at Thiergarten, close 

 on the frontier we come to a valley, which is deep and wide, but has 

 no outlet. It is about half a square mile in extent. This is the 

 Hardtle of Fronstetten, evidently an old sea-basin, wherein the waters 

 of the neighbouring wooded heights of "White Jura" rocks have 

 collected and still collect, to pass away by subterranean channels, 

 leaving behind the collected bones and gravel. In this basin-like 

 valley, the pisolite-pits, close on the old rocky shore, give the follow- 

 ing section : — feet. 



1. Mould 2 



2. Very fine pisolite, with a few well-preserved teeth 



of PalcEotherium 8 



3. Yellow clay and gravel of the Jurassic rocks, with- 



out pisolite and teeth 12 



4. Clay-bed, rich in pisolite, bones, and teeth . . 1^ to 2 



5. Very pure pisolite, much coarser than No. 2, with- 



out teeth 15 



"39 

 Among the remains here discovered, all Cuvier's species oiPalceo- 

 therium and Anoplotherium f are recognizable, especially the smaller 

 forms. The enamel of the teeth is in beautiful condition, and the cavi- 

 ties of the bones are filled with the pisolite. Of the bones and teeth — 



0*90 belong to PalcEotherium: those of the more common species 

 are in equal proportion. 



0'08 belong to Anoplotherium : those of A. leporinum are beauti- 

 fully preserved. 



00" 1 belong to Palceomeryx. 



00' 1 belong to Reptiles of the White Jura: these are accompanied 

 with remains of Terebratulce, Cidarites, and Apiocrini, from 

 the same rocks. 



0*02 belong to Carnivora. 



* See Quart. Joum. Geol, Soc. vol. vii. Part 2, Miscell. p. 69. 



t See also Bulletin Soc. Geol. France, deux. ser. tome ix. p. 266, Mars 1852. 



