REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1903 139 



in the last two or three years, except in Cattaraugus county, 

 where this species is reported as having increased very largely in 

 the last two or three years. 



Codling moth (C arp o c ap s a porno nel la Linn.). It is 

 well known that the larvae of this insect pass the winter in 

 considerable numbers under the sheltering bark of trees, and that 

 they gnaw pupal cavities in the outer dead bark. Our attention 

 was recently called to a somewhat anomalous situation and an 

 examination showed that a small tree had been badly injured 

 by borers in preceding years and that codling moth larvae, de- 

 scending the tree in the fall, had entered the galleries made by 

 the borers and in excavating pupal cavities had not refrained 

 from eating into living tissue where they caused considerable 

 bleeding and at first sight lead one to suspect that the injury was 

 due to the round-headed borer. The tree in question has a trunk 

 about 6 inches in diameter and some 12 or 15 larvae were taken 

 from several of the cavities. Three or four of the caterpillars 

 were found contiguous to living tissue which had been recently 

 eaten and from which considerable sap was flowing. The borings 

 were conspicuous and many of the pellets were saturated with 

 exuding sap. 



Pear Psylla (Psylla pyricola Forst.). The season of 

 1903 has been remarkable for the unusual development of plant 

 lice, and this little jumping species is no exception to the general 

 rule. It has been exceedingly abundant and destructive over a 

 considerable portion of the State, and peartrees with blackened, 

 scanty foliage or almost none at all, were common sights during 

 the summer not only in the Hudson river valley but also in cen- 

 tral and western New York. The injury was much more general 

 and severe than has been observed before, and the explanation 

 therefor is probably found in the unusually favorable climatic 

 conditions. Evidences of great damage began to appear in June, 

 and during July and August the affected trees presented a truly 

 wretched sight. In some cases the injury was so severe that most 

 of the fruit dropped. Mr H. D. Lewis of Annandale reports the 

 crop of that section a failure, due to the work of this pest. 



