Manchester Memoirs, Vol. xli. (1897), No. 11. 7 



during the past twenty years, to which the following 

 comparison is confined (the total movement is shown in 

 Plate 10) :— 



Average Value of Trade between the United Kingdom and the 

 Colonies in Quinquennial Periods (in thousand £). 



Average of 



Exports. 



Imports. 



Excess 



of 

 Imports 

 per cent. 



Shipping 



employed. 



Thousands of 



tons cleared 



or entered. 



Amount ot 



excess per 



ton of 



shipping. 



1875-79. 











s. d. 



To Colonies 



74.270 • 



80,790 



.. 8-8 



.. 4,014 . 



. 32/6 



From Colonies. . 



72,630 . 



• 87,723 



.. 20-8 



•• 3.532 . 



• 85/6 



Total trade 







i4'7 



.. 7,546 . 



• 57/3 



1880-84. 













To Colonies 



88,790 . 



. 96,951 



.. 9-2 



•• 5.185 • 



• 31/6 



From Colonies. . 



83,280 . 



• 99.395 



•• I9-3 



• • 4.039 • 



• 79/9 



Total trade 







14-1 



.. 9,224 . 



. 52/6 



1885-89. 













To Colonies 



89,078 . 



• 97.942 



• • 9'9 



•• 5-54 1 • 



• 3«/- 



From Colonies . . 



78.875 



. 92,434 



.. 172 



4,020 



• 67/5 



Total trade 







133 



.. 9,561 . 



• 47/- 



1890-94. 













To Colonies 



89,722 . 



96,460 



•• 7'5 



•• 5.336 . 



• 25/3 



From Colonies . . 



90,484 . 



• 107,487 



.. 188 



•• 4-477 • 



. 76/- 



Total trade 







132 



.. 9.813 • 



• 48/4 



The reduction in the costs of transport, in proportion 

 to the value of the goods handled, is not very marked 

 here, especially in the case of the movement towards this 

 country. It may be fairly remarked that the records of 

 the outward movement might be expected to show 

 evidence of such undervaluation in the imports as has 

 been already noted in the trade with America. The same 

 cause would produce but little effect on the homeward 

 movement. The comparison made in the last column is 

 suggestive. It should be remarked, however, that, even 

 if it be just to exclude transhipped goods from the 

 comparison of direct imports and exports (to include them 

 would not affect the main point, the change in the 

 proportion of transport charges to values), these goods 



