Report of the State Entomologist. 



141 



• OUTHOPTERA. 



Caloptenus spretus JJhler; 'Rilej, 1st Kept. XJ. S. Ent. Comm., p, 253. 



The injuries from the above insects (twenty -five species) differ in 

 character and in degree, as will appear from the following brief 

 notices of their depredations : 



Eaoles imperialis, or the pine Emperor moth, is among the largest of 

 the family of Bombijcidas, which contains our largest lepidopterous 

 insects. Its caterpillar, from its great size, is necessarily quite vora- 

 cious as ib approaches maturity, and will readily denude a limb of 

 its leaves; but fortunately it never occurs in numbers sufficient to 

 enable it to inflict any serious injury. It is seldom that more than 

 two or three occupy the same tree. A figure of the moth — not a 

 good one, but serving the purpose of recognition — is given in the 

 Natural History of the State of New Yoi^k — Agriculture, by E. Emmons, 

 vol. v., pi. 40, fig. 7. 



Tolype laricis, the larch-lappet, infests also the larch {Larix Ameri- 

 cana), from which it has 

 drawn its specific name. 

 It also occurs upon pines, 

 and is but seldom met 

 with on the hemlock. It 

 is a beautiful, interesting 

 and rare species — never 

 becoming so numerous as 

 to prove a pest. A detailed account of its trans- 

 formations, life-history, distribution, etc., is contained in the first Report 

 on the Insects of New York. The male is shown at figure 1, and the 

 female at figure 2. 



Thyridopteryx ephemerceformis, the basket or bag-worm, is also 

 seldom met with on the hemlock. Of its twenty known food-plants, 

 its favorites are, apparently, the red cedar (Juniperus Virginianus), and 

 the arbor vitse {Thuja Occidentalis). 



Cleora pulchraria is one of the " measuring worms " (as are the three 

 following species), which is found frequently on the hemlock, but it is 

 of an inconsiderable size, and never multiplies to an injurious extent. 



Tephrosia Canadaria is another measuring worm, which feeds on tama- 

 rack and spruce, and probably on pine, as the moth has been found 

 abundantly at Center, N. Y., amidst the pines of that locality. 



Eupithecia luteata is common on several of the evergreens. It is a 

 small larva, and of no special economic importance. 



The hemlock inch-worm (a ■ Eupithecia species) and the ten-lined 

 inch-worm, as in the absence of a knowledge of the moths which 

 they produce, the two are designated by Dr. Packard, have only been 

 observed in Maine, and nothing has been recorded of their habits. 



Fig. 1.— The male 

 Tolype laeicis. 



Fig. 2.— TJi9 female 

 Tolype laeicis. 



