Report of the State Entomologist. 303 



Western States, together with an excellent representation of the European fauna, 

 received through the exchanges conducted for many years with Dr. A. Speyer, of 

 Austria, has recently been purchased by the National Museum, and is now in its 

 possession. 



The collection of Insects of the Peabody Academy of Science, at Salem, has been 

 deposited in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge. It had mainly been 

 brought together by Dr. A. S. Packard, and contained a large proportion of his types, 

 including all those (except four belonging to other entomologists) of his Monograph of 

 Geometrid Moths. It also contained types of other eminent entomologists. 



I feel that an apology is due for the length of my paper. Its excuse must be found in 

 the activity that has characterized entomological study for the past year. Even in the 

 time that I have occupied, I have only been able to refer to some of the work done, 

 while omitting much that is equally — perhaps more — worthy of notice. 



[From the Eeport of the American Pomological Society, for 1887.] 



SOME PESTS OP THE POMOLOGIST. 



( Read before the American Pomological Society, at its Boston meeting, September 15, 1887. ) 

 The large attendance at this convention, the several States of the Union represented, 

 the distinguished men participating in it, the high order of the discussions and papers 

 that have been presented, the exhibit of fruit that is made— all bear testimony to the 

 widespread interest of the present day in fruit-culture and the great advance that has 

 been attained therein. 



Progkess in Pomology. 



It is not my province to do more than mention the progress made in fruit-culture 

 within a few years past. This privilege belongs to those who have been active par- 

 ticipants and agents in its stimulation and remarkable growth. We can not but recog- 

 nize its results in the many fruits it has given us previously unknown in our markets — 

 varieties far surpassing those which we formerly enjoyed, and an abundance such as 

 we had never dreamed of, brought within reach of all. 



Evils Attending Progress in Pomology. 

 Yet this has not been attained without attendant evils. Here, as elsewhere, in all that 

 pertains to the advancement of our race — at every step of progress, a penalty has been 

 incurred' and exacted. It is patent to all that the development of Pomology into a 

 science and an important industry of our country, has only been accomplished through 

 a great increase of plant diseases and a remarkable multipl;cation of insect pests. 

 These two evils follow as a necessary consequence of the advance made: They are con- 

 nected therewith as inseparably as cause and effect. And what part they are to play in 

 the future in retarding, arresting or ruining fruit-culture, must depend upon the man- 

 ner in which they are met by the enlightened fruit-grower. 



Need of Scientific Study. 

 You do well, gentlemen, in calling to your aid whatever science is able to do for you 

 in the investigation of the serious evils to which I have referred. It is of the utmost 

 importance that you should know each one of your enemies, whether it be a soil con- 

 stituent, a vegetable, or an animal — its character or nature, whence it proceeds, how it 

 acts, and above all, the most economical and efficient means for overcoming it. You 

 particularly need the best skill of the chemist, of the botanist, the mycologist, and the 

 entomologist. Their services are freely at your command, whether asked for of our 

 Scientiflc Schools, Agricultural Colleges, State Experiment Stations, the United States 

 Department of Agriculture at Washington, or of our State Entomologists. 



Demands of Science on the Pomologist. 



But let me remind you that you too have an important part to perform in this needed 



observation, study and investigation of plant diseases and insect injuries. You are 



