102 



In Massachusetts, according- to Lounsbur j ^ — 



The caterpillars pupate beneath the surface of the ground, and those of the second 

 brood pass the winter in the pupal stage. 



Concerning the generations of this insect in Ontario, Prof. W. 

 Loch head states:* 



Observations point to the view that the corn worm is single-brooded with us, but 

 it may be double-brooded in some of the southern localities. 



In order to ascertain, if possible, what relation the total effective 

 temperature during the breeding season has to the number of genera- 

 tions of the bollworm in different localities, the following table was 

 constructed. It is based on Weather Bureau temperature records for 

 various localities and the effective temperature determinations derived 

 from laboratory experiments at Paris, Tex. In each case it is assumed 

 that the average effective temperature required for a single life cycle 

 is 1,417'-^ F. and that activity in the spring* does not begin until the 

 monthly mean has reached from 62° to 65°, ceasing in the fall at the 

 same temperature. Such assumptions seem justified by the observa- 

 tions presented in the earlier part of this bulletin. 



Table XLI.— 



temperatures, calculated and reported number of generations of 

 hollworm for different parts of United States. 



Locality. 



Season of activity. 



Total ef- 

 fective 

 tempera- 

 ture during 

 season of 

 activity. 



Calculated 

 number 

 of genera- 

 tions. 



Reported number of 

 generations. 



Jupiter, Fla 





°F. 

 11, 058 

 8,876 

 6,802 

 4,362 

 4,178 

 2,967 

 2,217 



7.9 

 6.2 

 4.2 

 3.0 

 2.9 

 2.1 

 1.5 





Victoria, Tex 



Paris Tex 



Mar. 1-Nov. 30 



Apr. 1-Oct. 31 



Mavl-Sept.30 



do 



6. 

 4. 





3 (Delaware). 



Indianapolis Ind 



2-3 (Ohio>. 



Boston, Mass 



June 1-Sept. 30 



Junel-Aug.30 



2 (Mass).' 



Oswego, N. Y 



1-2 (Ontario). 







SEASONAL HISTORY. 

 APPEARANCE OF SPRING MOTHS. 



The earliest records of moths in various parts of Texas during the 

 spring of 1904 have been already referred to in connection with ovipo- 

 sition, where the dates of finding the first eggs are given. While these 

 dates probably represent ver}^ nearly the first emergence of moths, 

 they do not show the general appearance, which is much later. Thus, 

 the first moth to emerge at Victoria from a lot of overwintered pupse 

 appeared March 20, and the last April 18, nearly a month later, while 

 at Paris the moths first appeared during April, the greater portion 

 not until the middle of May, and the last not until well on toward the 



«Bul. 28, Mass. Agric. Exp. Sta. (Hatch), p. 16. 

 b Kept. Ent. Soc. Ontario, 1901, p. 75. 



