115 



Meadowlark {SturneUa magna). 



Orchard oriole (Icterus spurius) . 



Baltimore oriole {Icterus galhula). 



Crow blackbird {Quiscalus quiscula seneus). 



Great-tailed grackle {Megaquiscalus major macrourus). 



Western lark sparrow {Chondestes grammacus strigatus). 



Chipping sparrow (Spizella socialis). 



Field sparrow ( Spizella pusilla ) . 



Towhee {Pipilo erythrophthalmus). 



Cardinal {Cardinalis cardinalis). 



Blue grosbeak ( Guiraca cserulea ) . 



Indigo bunting ( Cyanospiza cyanea ). 



Painted bunting {Cyanospiza dris). 



Summer tanager {Piranga rubra). 



Northern yellow-throat {Geothylpis trichas brachidactyla). 



Yellow-breasted chat ( Icteria virens) . 



Mockingbird ( Mimus polyglottos ) . 



Catbird ( Galeoscoptes carolinensis) . 



Brown thrasher {Toxostoma rufum). 



Carolina wren {Thryothorus ludovicianus) . 



Texas wren ( Thryomanes bewickii cryptus). 



Tufted titmouse {Bxolophus bicolor). 



Blue-gray gnatcatcher {Polioptila cserulea). 



Robin {Merula migratoria) (in early spring and late fall) 



Bluebird {Sialia sialis). 



PARASITES. 



Under this head we have to consider a very important factor in the 



There are two stages in the life his- 



natural control of the bollworm. 

 tory of the bollworm when the 

 destructive work of parasites 

 is most effective. These are 

 the egg and the 3"oung larva, 

 two stages which are passed 

 before the bollworm has done 

 the greater part of its dam- 

 age. As the method of at- 

 tack is so different in each 

 case it will be well to consider 

 them separately. 



PARASITES OF THE EGG. 



There are two small spe- 

 cies of Hymenoptera which 

 are parasitic on bollworm 

 eggs, but one of them is of very rare occurrence and has but little 

 economic significance. The second, Trichogramma pretiosa Riley, is 

 extremely abundant and of great value (fig. 20). The eggs of the 



Fig. 20.— Trichogramma pretiosa (from Riley). 



