No. 34-] HEMIPTERA OF CONNECTICUT: COCCIDAE. 375 



Scale of male: Smaller than female, similar in color, exuviae 

 submarginal. 



This is an European species which has been brought into the 

 United States, and is found on most kinds of fruit trees and a 

 number of forest and shade trees. It has been found on nursery 

 stock brought into Connecticut. 



New Canaan, 20 Nov., 7 Dec, 1899, 

 A. perniciosus Comstock. San Jose or Pernicious scale. (PI. 

 XV, 4.) 



Rept. U. S. Dept. Agr., 304, 1880. 



Scale of female: Diameter 1-2 mm., circular, slightly convex, 

 varies from light to dark gray; exuviae pale yellow, nipple-like, 

 with a depressed zone surrounding them. 



Female : Median lobes prominent, converging, rounded at apex 

 and notched on outer margin near the middle. There are no 

 groups of circumgenital gland-orifices. 



Scale of male: Darker than female, more convex, sometimes 

 elongated with nipple-like prominence and depressed ring more 

 conspicuous than in the female. 



This is an Asiatic species accidentally introduced into the west- 

 ern United States more than forty years ago, and first discovered 

 in Connecticut in 1895. It spread very rapidly and for ten or fif- 

 teen years threatened the orchards of the state. Many peach 

 orchards were destroyed by it before the owners learned to control 

 it by spraying with the lime-sulphur wash. Now it is being held 

 in check locally by a chalcidid parasite, Prospaltella perniciosi 

 Tov/er. 



In the office of the State Entomologist there are records from more than 

 400 localities in Connecticut, including about 150 towns and all parts of the 

 state. 



A. ulmi Johnson. 



Bull. 111. St. Lab. Nat. Hist., iv, 388, 1896. 



Scale of female: Diameter 1.5-2 mm., circular, dirty white or 

 buff, exuviae yellow. 



Female : Only one pair of lobes, notched on each side, apex 

 somewhat rounded. There are no regular groups of circumgenital 

 gland-orifices present, though in some specimens from one to three 

 are in place of the posterior laterals. 



Scale of male : Length .7 mm., more or less circular or some- 

 what elongate, of same color as female. 



Found on the trunks and larger branches of the American elm, 

 especially on the smoother and thinner bark between the plates of 

 outer bark. Also found on catalpa. 



New Haven, 7 Oct., 1900; Bristol, 30 Mar., 1914. 

 A. uvae Comstock. Grape scale. 



Rept. U. S. Dept. Agr., 309, 1880. 



Scale of female: Diameter 1.5mm., circular, rather flat, light 



