THE COCCIDAE OF SOUTH AFRICA. S 



Genus Lecanium, Burm. 



Adult 9 never hemispherical nor highly convex, derm remaining comparatively 

 soft, without polygonal areas ; usually light in colour and oval ; legs and antennae 

 present, well-developed. 



191. Lecanium hesperidum, Linn. > 



Coccus hesperidum, Linn., Syst. Nat. Ed. x. 1, p. 455, 1758. 



Chermes hesperidum, Geoff., Hist. Abr. Ins. i, p. 505, 1762. 



Calypticus hesperidum, Costa, Faun. Reg. Nap. Cocc, p. 8, 1835. 



Calypticus laevis, Costa, Faun. Reg. Nap. Cocc, p. 8, 1835. 



Calymnatus hesperidum, Costa, Nuov. Osserv., p. 22, 1835. 



Coccus patelliformis. Curt., Gard. Chron., p. 517, 1843. 



Chermes lauri, Bdv., Ent. Hort., p. 340, 1867. 



Lecanium platycerii. Pack., Rep. Mass. Bd. Agr., p. 260, 1870. 



Lecanium angustatum, Sign., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (5) iii, p. 398, 1873. 



Lecanium maculatum, Sign., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (5) iii, p. 400, 1873. 



Lecanium alienum. Dough, Ent. Mon. Mag., xxiii, p. 77, 1886. 



Lecanium depre^sum var. simulans, Dough, Ent. Mon. Mag. xxiv, p. 28, 1887. 



Lecanium minimum, Newst., Ent. Mon. Mag., xxvii, p. 141, 1892. 



Lecanium assimile var. amaryllidis, Cklh, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. xx, p. 53, 1893. 



Lecanium terminaliae, Ckll., Jl. Inst. Jamaica, i, p. 254, 1893. 



Lecanium nanum, Ckll., Psyche, vii, SuppL, i, p. 19, 1896. 



Lecanium flaveolum, Ckll., Psyche, viii, pp. 52, 53, 1897. 



Lecanium minimum var. pinicola. Mask., N.Z. Trans, xxix, p. 310, 1897. 



Lecanium ventr ale, Ehrh., Can. Ent. xxx, p. 245, 1898. 



Lecanium (Calymnatus) hesperidum pacificum, Kuw., Jl. N.Y. Ent. Soc. x, 



p. 30, 1902. 

 Lecanium signiferum, Green, Cocc. of Ceylon, pt. iii, p. 197, 1904. 



" Adult female bright yellow or greenish-yellow, minutely speckled with red- 

 brown, the specks sometimes agglomerated into transverse bars, especially on the 

 median abdominal region ; in other paits tending to form dotted Hues radiating 

 from centre to margin. In older examples the ground-colour may be ochreous or 

 pale fulvous ; and the maculation may form a broad median fascia. Under surface 

 of older examples with a deep purple-brown or red patch covering the median 

 abdominal area, becoming concave and forming a shelter for the young larvae. 

 Dried specimens straw-coloured and much wrinkled. Form oblong-oval, often 

 very irregular in outline ; narrowest in front ; more or less concave above according 

 to age. In some individuals, generally on those protected by some shelter, I have 

 noticed a double median longitudinal series of raised glassy points ; but they 

 appear to be very brittle and easily lost." (Green). 



Length, 2*5-5 mm. ; breadth, 1*5-3 mm. 



The antennae are 7-jointed, with the 3rd, 4th and 7th joints subequal. The 

 range of measurements from South African material is as follows : — (1) 27-35, 

 (2) 30-37, (3) 51-61, (4) 54-65, (5) 20-24, (6) 17-27, (7) 44-51^m. 



The anal plates are about 155/< long. 

 (681) a2 



