GLOSSINA MORSITANS IN NORTHERN KATANGA. 167 



Besides morsitans, and in much larger numbers than that species, I also found in 

 this part of the route brevipalpis, pallidipes and paljxilis, the two first occurring 

 in the same spots as morsitans. 



From Lobunda to Kabinda by way of Lupongo (Lomami). 



I have already explained that in going from Katompe to Kongolo, that is from 

 the south to the north, it is noticeable that the park ends a little before Kongolo- 

 Lubunda, where Braine 1'Alleud (or the Hospital of Km. 300) is placed a few dozen 

 kilometres to the north-west of Kongolo, and at some kilometres south of 5° S. Lat. 

 on the Kindu-Kongolo railway (second section). I have not been able to examine 

 the Kongolo-Lubunda route from the point of view of tsetse, having made this 

 journey by train. But, judging from the vegetation, I do not think I could be 

 mistaken in predicting, a priori, the existence in this region of brevipalpis and 

 pallidipes, and the absence on the other hand of morsitans. This vegetation is, in 

 fact, transitory : a mixture of thin park, of more or less wooded savannah and a 

 little forest — the wooded savannah predominating. Some kilometres before Lubunda 

 the trees suddenly disappear almost entirely, and give place to a grassy and 

 undulating landscape. This is the great grassy savannah which separates the park 

 of Katanga from the great equatorial forest. 



From Lubunda to Kabinda there is, so to speak, a single stretch of grassy 

 savannah interspersed with wooded strips along the streams and rivers. I am not 

 taking into consideration the bushes and shrubs scattered about, nor the isolated 

 spots that are fairly well wooded, particularly in the proximity of the rivers. 



As for tsetse, I found in several spots brevipalpis, pallidipes and jpalpalis, but 

 nowhere did I find a single morsitans. 



Kef erring to the map, it is seen that the Lubunda-Lupongo route is more or less 

 parallel to that from Kongolo to Kifukutu, but at some dozens of kilometres more 

 north. I found morsitans on the Kongolo- Kifukutu route, but not a single one on 

 the Lubunda-Lupongo route. It is therefore here, between these two routes, that 

 the northern limit of morsitans in northern Katanga must be placed, between the 

 Lualaba and the Lomami. Generally speaking this limit coincides with 5*30° 

 S. Lat. 



It must be understood that the limit of morsitans is not a precise line ; it is 

 neither sharply defined nor permanent. Apart from the fact that close to the edge 

 of the great park morsitans is sometimes so rare that the few existing specimens 

 may escape observation (which, from a practical point of view, is of no importance), 

 the boundaries of its distribution are also subject to seasonal variations ; bush fires 

 particularly modify its range by producing a real temporary migration of morsitans. 

 Here is a striking example. The usual limit of this fly occurs some kilometres east 

 of the station of Katompe. I passed several weeks in this station during the rainy 

 season and never saw a single morsitans. Moreover, the real park does not commence 

 before some kilometres' distance from Katompe, and the station itself is surrounded 

 by a large tract of forest. But towards the middle of the dry season, after the general 

 burning of the bush, morsitans appeared in the station in fairly large numbers, and 

 could even be found in the houses. At the same season it was also seen 2 or 3 kilo- 

 metres west of Katompe. It is readily understood that such a great calamity as an 



