JUNCTIONS OF TRANSITION AND SECONDARY STRATA. 37 



in the most satisfactory manner. The action of the sea has 

 partially abraded the conglomerate and sandstone, exposing 

 the inferior rocks of greywacke, which are either vertical, or 

 inclined to the S. and S. W. at great angles, while the 

 red sandstone rests upon them, and dips to the N. E. 

 at about 15° or 20°. (Plate II., Fig. 2.) Throughout 

 all those parts of Berwickshire, where we have opportu- 

 nities of examining the relations of these formations to each 

 other, the arrangement is identical with that of the Lo- 

 thians. In Mid-Lothian, strata of white sandstone, with 

 its associated limestones, form all that part of the country 

 which skirts the base of the transition range of the Moor- 

 foot and Huntlycot hills; but their position indicates as lit- 

 tle alteration from the upraisure of the mountains, as the 

 red sandstone series does in East Lothian. In the Glad- 

 house water, the sandstone is almost horizontal, and con- 

 tinues so to the very base of the highly inclined greywacke 

 strata. There are, however, no sections, as in East Lothian, 

 where the two series are found in immediate contact. 



Before finishing this part of the subject, we may notice a 

 statement which Mr Milne, in his paper descriptive of the 

 Geology of Berwickshire, has made in regard to these red 

 sandstone and greywacke strata. This observer states, that, 

 in some instances, both classes of rocks have been, at one 

 and the same time, disturbed by faults. No one of these 

 cited examples will, however, if strictly examined, be found 

 to exhibit appearances which allow us to form this opinion. 

 True it is that the red sandstone varies often in its height 

 within short spaces : thus it may surmount a high sea cliff 

 of vertical greywacke, and also form the rocks at the sea 

 level, but in these instances there is every reason to believe 

 that the intermediary portions have been removed by ab- 



