EAST CALDER. 73 



the usual description, and in some places assumes the 

 globularly concretionary structure. In the first quarry to 

 the east of East Calder, the mountain limestone dips S. E. 

 at 20°, under a mass of greenstone, which in the second 

 quarry is found in immediate contact with it. In the quarry 

 where the junction is exposed, the limestone abutts against 

 the greenstone at a small angle, dipping E. S.E. ; a position 

 which, at the eastern extremity of this opening, is completely 

 reversed, as the strata sink to the W. S.W. at 15°. The 

 limestone, which at a distance from the greenstone is of a 

 bluish or yellowish-grey colour, becomes, on approaching 

 it, white and beautifully crystalline, acquiring much of the 

 aspect of primitive marble. No exact line of boundary can 

 be drawn between the greenstone and the limestone ; on the 

 contrary, both rocks are so intimately blended, that this 

 locality might, if the true nature of them was not known 

 to be distinct, be considered as exhibiting appearances 

 only to be explained by awarding a synchronous and si- 

 milar origin to both. The greenstone may be observed 

 in all stages between a mass distinctly imbedded, to one in 

 which it is so perfectly diffused through the limestone, 

 as to impart to it a dark green colour : in accordance with 

 the received igneous formation of trap, such an appear- 

 ance may be explained, by supposing that circumstances 

 caused such a perfect fluidity of both rocks, that the inter- 

 mixture of the one with the other was the consequence. 

 Like all the other trap-rocks, this greenstone, in the neigh- 

 bourhood of the strata, becomes compact, and, as is often 

 the case with trap in contact with limestone, assumes much 

 of the serpentinous character. 



Immediately to the south of East Calder, there is a con- 

 siderable district of trap, which rises at its eastern extre- 

 mity into the two marked eminences of the Dalmahoy 

 Crags ; it runs E. and W., forming the hilly range of 



